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The Effect of Non-Transferred Plasma Torch Electrodes on Plasma Jet: A Computational Study
Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics, Luleå University of Technology, SE, Luleå, 971 87, Sweden.
Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics, Luleå University of Technology, SE, Luleå, 971 87, Sweden.
Division of Fluid and Experimental Mechanics, Luleå University of Technology, SE, Luleå, 971 87, Sweden.
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Biorefinery and Energy. Energy Engineering, Division of Energy Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, SE, Luleå, 971 87, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9395-9928
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2025 (English)In: Applied Sciences, E-ISSN 2076-3417, Vol. 15, no 15, article id 8367Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This study explores how different electrode shapes affect plasma flow in a non-transferred plasma torch. Various cathode geometries—including conical, tapered, flat, and cylindrical—were examined alongside stepped anode designs. A 2D axisymmetric computational model was employed to assess the impact of these shapes on plasma behavior. The results reveal that different cathode designs require varying current levels to maintain a consistent power output. This paper presents the changes in electric conductivity and electric potential for different input currents across the arc formation path (from the cathode tip to the anode beginning) and relating to Ohm’s law. Significant variations in plasma jet velocity and temperature were observed, especially near the cathode tip. The study concludes by evaluating thermal efficiency across geometry configurations. Flat cathodes demonstrated the highest efficiency, while the anode shape had minimal impact.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) , 2025. Vol. 15, no 15, article id 8367
Keywords [en]
anode, cathode, geometry studies, magnetohydrodynamics, Computational geometry, Efficiency, Electric arcs, Electric currents, Electric potential, Fighter aircraft, Magnetoplasma, Plasma jets, Plasma torches, Axisymmetric, Cathode design, Cathode geometry, Computational modelling, Computational studies, Current levels, Electrode shape, Geometry study, Plasma behavior, Power output, Anodes, Cathodes
National Category
Fluid Mechanics Manufacturing, Surface and Joining Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-79416DOI: 10.3390/app15158367Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105013090545OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-79416DiVA, id: diva2:2017864
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Article; Granskad

Available from: 2025-12-01 Created: 2025-12-01 Last updated: 2025-12-01Bibliographically approved

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Wiinikka, HenrikSepman, Alexey

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