Aqueous Zn batteries are sustainable energy storage devices that gained considerable research interest over the last few years. Positive electrode materials are commonly coated onto current collectors which need to remain electrochemically and chemically stable during the battery lifespan. Herein, we report on the electrochemical stability of aluminum current collector in mild acidic zinc electrolytes, 1 M ZnSO4 and 1 M Zn(CF3SO3)2 (known as Zn- triflate). The aluminum foil underwent severe anodic oxidation (commonly referred to as corrosion) upon the 1st anodic oxidation cycle at a scan rate of 5.0 mV s − 1 in Zn-triflate electrolyte. On the contrary, the aluminum foil did not feature signs of corrosion in 1 M ZnSO4 electrolyte over ~200 cycles of cyclic voltammetry at a scan rate of 5.0 mV s − 1 . The foil surface was found to be passivated by the growth of a surface oxide layer, as confirmed by XPS, EDX and SEM analyses. At a lower scan rate of 0.5 mV s − 1 , the aluminum corrosion was observed over 100 cycles, suggesting the local pH at the electrode surface at low scan rate can result in dissolving the aluminum foil. The use of concentrated electrolyte, 2 M ZnSO4, and/or coating the aluminum surface with a carbon layer did not efficiently mitigate the aluminum corrosion during long-term cycling. This work opens a venue for understanding the challenges of using aluminum current collectors in mild acidic Zn electrolytes.
The authors would like to acknowledge Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE) for Strategic Funding support.