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Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence to Interpret Remaining Useful Life Estimation with Gated Recurrent Unit
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal.
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Smart Hardware.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8278-8601
University of Lisbon, Portugal.
National Institute of Informatics, Japan.
2024 (English)In: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, PHM , Prognostics and Health Management Society , 2024, Vol. 16, no 1Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

In engineering, prognostics can be defined as the estimation of the remaining useful life of a system given current and past health conditions. This field has drawn attention from research, industry, and government as this kind of technology can help improve efficiency and lower the costs of maintenance in a variety of technical applications. An approach to prognostics that has gained increasing attention is the use of data-driven methods. These methods typically use pattern recognition and machine learning to estimate the residual life of equipment based on historical data. Despite their promising results, a major disadvantage is that it is difficult to interpret this kind of methodologies, that is, to understand why a certain prediction of remaining useful life was made at a certain point in time. Nevertheless, the interpretability of these models could facilitate the use of data-driven prognostics in different domains such as aeronautics, manufacturing, and energy, areas where certification is critical. To help address this issue, we use Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) from the field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to analyze the prognostics of a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) on the C-MAPSS data. We select the GRU as this is a deep learning model that a) has an explicit temporal dimension and b) has shown promising results in the field of prognostics and c) is of simplified nature compared to other recurrent networks. Our results suggest that it is possible to infer the feature importance for the GRU both globally (for the entire model) and locally (for a given RUL prediction) with LIME. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Prognostics and Health Management Society , 2024. Vol. 16, no 1
Keywords [en]
’current; Cost of maintenance; Data-driven methods; Health condition; Historical data; Life estimation; Machine-learning; Remaining useful lives; Residual life; Technical applications; Diagnosis
National Category
Civil Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-76301DOI: 10.36001/phmconf.2024.v16i1.4124Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85210268466OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-76301DiVA, id: diva2:1932782
Conference
16th Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, PHM 2024. Nashville, USA. 10 November 2024 through 15 November 202
Available from: 2025-01-29 Created: 2025-01-29 Last updated: 2025-09-23Bibliographically approved

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Mishra, Madhav

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