The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of organosolv lignin as a sizing agent for thermoformed pulp products as a sustainable material with improved water resistance. For this purpose, an in-house-produced organosolv lignin from softwood (Norway Spruce) was mixed with bleached and unbleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp fibers. In addition, the isolated organosolv lignin was characterized by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, size-exclusion chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis. The analysis showed that organosolv lignin was of a high purity and practically ash-free, exhibiting low molecular weight, a glass transition temperature below the thermoforming temperature, and a high content of phenolic OH groups. The mechanical properties and water resistance of the organosolv lignin-sized thermoformed pulp materials were measured. A small decrease in strength and an increase in stiffness and density were observed for the lignin-sized thermoformed materials compared to the reference, that is, unsized materials. The addition of organosolv lignin decreased the wettability and swelling of the thermoformed product. These results are due to the distribution of organosolv lignin on the surface, filling in the pores and cavities, and providing a tighter fit within the thermoformed materials. In conclusion, the results from our study encourage the use of organosolv lignin as a sizing additive to thermoformed products, which can improve the water resistance to use it in sustainable packaging applications.
Funding details: 257622; Funding details: Norges Forskningsråd; Funding text 1: The authors appreciate and acknowledge the help received from their colleagues Kenneth Aasarød for ATR–FTIR and TGA–DSC analyses and Johnny K. Melbø for participation in the experimental work. The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support from the Research Council of Norway (FME Centre for Environmentally friendly Energy Research Bio4Fuel, project number 257622).