Hydrogen refuelling station calibration with a traceable gravimetric standardShow others and affiliations
2020 (English)In: Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, ISSN 0955-5986, E-ISSN 1873-6998, Vol. 74, article id 101743Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Of all the alternatives to hydrocarbon fuels, hydrogen offers the greatest long-term potential to radically reduce the many problems inherent in fuel used for transportation. Hydrogen vehicles have zero tailpipe emissions and are very efficient. If the hydrogen is made from renewable sources, such as nuclear power or fossil sources with carbon emissions captured and sequestered, hydrogen use on a global scale would produce almost zero greenhouse gas emissions and greatly reduce air pollutant emissions.The aim of this work is to realise a traceability chain for hydrogen flow metering in the range typical for fuelling applications in a wide pressure range, with pressures up to 875 bar (for Hydrogen Refuelling Station - HRS with Nominal Working Pressure of 700 bar) and temperature changes from −40 °C (pre-cooling) to 85 °C (maximum allowed vehicle tank temperature) in accordance with the worldwide accepted standard SAE J2601. Several HRS have been tested in Europe (France, Netherlands and Germany) and the results show a good repeatability for all tests. This demonstrates that the testing equipment works well in real conditions. Depending on the installation configuration, some systematic errors have been detected and explained. Errors observed for Configuration 1 stations can be explained by pressure differences at the beginning and end of fueling, in the piping between the Coriolis Flow Meter (CFM) and the dispenser: the longer the distance, the bigger the errors. For Configuration 2, where this distance is very short, the error is negligible.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier Ltd , 2020. Vol. 74, article id 101743
Keywords [en]
High pressure, Hydrogen, Primary standard, Refuelling station, Uncertainties, Air refueling, Flow measurement, Flowmeters, Gas emissions, Greenhouse gases, Hydrogen economy, Nuclear fuels, Systematic errors, Well testing, Coriolis flowmeters, Hydrogen refuelling stations, Long-term potential, Pressure differences, Renewable sources, Tailpipe emission, Temperature changes, Working pressures, Hydrogen fuels
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-45375DOI: 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2020.101743Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85087000271OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-45375DiVA, id: diva2:1455160
Note
Funding details: Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020; Funding details: European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research, EMPIR; Funding text 1: “ The information and views set out in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the FCH 2 JU. The FCH 2 JU does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this study. Neither the FCH 2 JU nor any person acting on the FCH 2 JU's behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein ”. “ This project has received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme ”
2020-07-222020-07-222025-09-23