This report contains a life cycle assessment of a 5Ah LiFeSO4F high-temperature battery cell weighing 110 grams. It was performed in the context of the Swedish From road to load project. The 5 Ah cell has been analyzed from cradle to grave, i.e., from raw material production over own manufacturing, use in a typical application and end-of-life. It has also been compared to other lithium battery cells. The results indicate that:
Production in Sweden is favourable due to that electricity is a main driver of climate impact and toxicity in the production phase.
Electricity is a main driver of climate impact and toxicity also in the use phase which emphasizes the need to keep the charge/discharge efficiency high.
Indium tin oxide in the anode dominates abiotic depletion.
Comparison with lithium-air cells reflects that the lithium air technology is still very far from commercial reality, while indicating that it is an interesting technology for the future.