Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Bromine Transformation during Catalytic Pyrolysis of Waste Electronic Circuit Boards (WECBs) in an Auger Reactor over the Dual-Catalyst HZSM-5/CaO
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Stockholms, Sweden;.
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Biorefinery and Energy.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8284-4172
SCA Munksund AB, Pitea, Sweden;.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Stockholms, Sweden;.
Show others and affiliations
2025 (English)In: ACS Omega, E-ISSN 2470-1343, Vol. 10, no 45.0, p. 54720-54732Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Effective bromine mitigation is a critical challenge in the sustainable recycling of electronic waste, where the uncontrolled release of brominated species compromises both environmental safety and product quality. This study unveils a novel synergistic transformation pathway of bromine (Br) during ex situ dual-catalyst pyrolysis of waste electronic circuit boards (WECBs). Experiments were conducted in a continuous auger reactor integrated with a fixed-bed catalytic unit employing a dual (HZSM-5/CaO) catalyst system. By tuning the weight hour space velocity WHSV from 0.6 to 1.0 h–1, the catalytic process not only doubled the gas yield from 2.7 to 6.5 wt % but also selectively suppressed liquid formation from 18.0 to 12.5 wt %, while driving deeper deoxygenation and aromatic hydrocarbon enrichment. At lower WHSV, intensified secondary reactions promoted the generation of lighter aromatics and also accelerated coke deposition, highlighting the need for WHSV optimization. Mechanistic insights reveal that brominated phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons dominate the primary volatile fraction, where Br+radicals undergo dual pathways: recombination with H+and small fragments forming HBr/CH<inf>3</inf>Br, or neutralization by CaO to yield stable CaBr<inf>2</inf>. Importantly, 44 wt % of total bromine was retained in the solid residue as CaBr<inf>2</inf>, drastically lowering bromine content in pyrolysis oils. The dual-catalyst strategy thus enables simultaneous Br-fixation, hydrocarbon upgrading, and catalyst regeneration, drastically reducing bromine in pyrolysis oils. These findings provide a scalable, mechanistically guided route for the valorization of cleaner electronic waste, coupling environmental protection with high-value fuel production

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Chemical Society (ACS), 2025. Vol. 10, no 45.0, p. 54720-54732
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-79960DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.5c08152Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105022214985OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-79960DiVA, id: diva2:2020771
Note

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Swedish Energy Agency (Energimyndigheten) (project number 51219-1) for their financial support. Additionally, the authors extend their gratitude to the Research Institute of Sweden (RISE) for their assistance and technical support, and to Boliden Ro\u0308nnska\u0308r for providing the WECB material.

Available from: 2025-12-11 Created: 2025-12-11 Last updated: 2025-12-11Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

No full text in DiVA

Other links

Publisher's full textScopus

Authority records

Shafaghat, HodaEvangelopoulos, Panagiotis

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Shafaghat, HodaEvangelopoulos, Panagiotis
By organisation
Biorefinery and EnergySystem Transition and Service Innovation
In the same journal
ACS Omega
Chemical Engineering

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar

doi
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
urn-nbn
Total: 31 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf