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Identification of maneuvering models for wind-assisted ships with large rudders using virtual captive tests
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Maritime department. Division of Marine Technology, Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9360-078x
Division of Marine Technology, Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Division of Marine Technology, Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Maritime department.ORCID iD: 0009-0009-0240-9268
2025 (English)In: International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, ISSN 2092-6782, E-ISSN 2092-6790, Vol. 17, article id 100664Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Ships with wind-assisted propulsion systems (WAPS) are often equipped with large rudders to compensate for WAPS-induced drifting forces. The WAPS also significantly affects the effectiveness of mathematical models used to describe the ship's maneuvering characteristics. In this study, a modular maneuvering model is proposed to enhance the original MMG model, with the aim of producing accurate maneuvering simulations for ships with WAPS. Methods of virtual captive tests (VCT) are proposed to recreate the forces acting on WAPS ships during free-running model tests (FRMT) in motor mode, identifying all the parameters in the modular model. The hydrodynamic damping coefficients within the model are determined through linear regression of the VCT data. The added masses are then determined from pure yaw and pure sway simulations using a fully nonlinear potential flow (FNPF) panel method. Two ships designed for WAPS, wPCC and Optiwise, are used to validate the proposed method based on the inverse dynamics of their experimental model tests. The wPCC is equipped with a semi-empirical rudder that has previously shown to work well for this twin-rudder ship. The Optiwise single rudder is modeled with a new quadratic version of the MMG rudder model, proposed in this paper. Inverse dynamics analysis, together with state VCTs, is concluded to be an efficient way to analyze the models, and the maneuvering model can be efficiently identified when the correct VCTs are used in the proposed method. However, the inverse dynamics analysis also revealed potential errors in the wPCC VCT data due to false assumptions about wave generation and roll motion. The Optiwise test case, where these assumptions should be more valid, showed much better agreement with the FRMT inverse dynamics.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Society of Naval Architects of Korea , 2025. Vol. 17, article id 100664
Keywords [en]
Added mass, Inverse dynamics, MMG, Virtual captive tests, Wind-assisted propulsion, Errors, Inverse problems, Maneuverability, Nonlinear simulations, Potential flow, Ship propulsion, Captive tests, Inverse dynamic analysis, Model tests, Propulsion system, Test data, Virtual captive test, Rudders
National Category
Vehicle and Aerospace Engineering Fluid Mechanics Probability Theory and Statistics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-79269DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2025.100664Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105008493776OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-79269DiVA, id: diva2:2017312
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration
Note

Article; Granskad

The authors would like to acknowledge Trafikverket (Swedish Transport Administration) and Lighthouse, swedish maritime competence center (www.lighthouse.nu) for providing the resources under the project FP4-2020 to prepare this paper. They would also thank all personnel at SSPA Maritime Center who have been involved in creating the model test results, building the ship models, and conducting the experiments.

Available from: 2025-11-28 Created: 2025-11-28 Last updated: 2025-12-22Bibliographically approved

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Alexandersson, MartinKjellberg, Martin

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