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Nutrient quality of beverages: comparing the Nordic Keyhole, Nutri-Score and Nutrient Rich Food indices
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Food Research and Innovation.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3853-9031
Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Food Research and Innovation.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0522-3591
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2025 (English)In: International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, ISSN 0963-7486, E-ISSN 1465-3478, Vol. 76, no 7, p. 709-724Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The nutrient quality of 96 beverages in Sweden was assessed based on the Keyhole (KH), Nutri-Score (NS) and Nutrient Rich Food (NRF) index. Of milk- and plant-based beverages, 20% were similarly rated by all three as either high or low quality. Keyhole evaluated plain milk more coherently to the dietary guidelines, whilst NS assessed plant-based beverages more consistently than other indicators. Of water-based beverages, 61% were similarly rated by NS and NRF, with highest alignment in sugar-sweetened and non-nutritive sweeteners containing beverages. According to NS, water, unsweetened beverages, freshly squeezed fruit juices and vegetable juices qualified as nutritious choices. NRF index evaluated beverages less coherently to the guidelines and the rating of products largely mirrored fortification. Thus, agreement among indicators varies across beverage groups. NS is suitable to rate the nutrient quality of most beverages consistently with the dietary guidelines, except for milk where KH outperforms NS.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor and Francis Ltd. , 2025. Vol. 76, no 7, p. 709-724
Keywords [en]
beverage, front-of-package label, Keyhole, Nutri-Score, Nutrient indicator, animal, comparative study, fruit and vegetable juice, human, milk, nutrient, nutrition policy, nutritional value, Sweden, Animals, Beverages, Fruit and Vegetable Juices, Humans, Nutrients, Nutritive Value
National Category
Nutrition and Dietetics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-79191DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2025.2570365Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105019195387OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-79191DiVA, id: diva2:2016351
Note

Article; Granskad

Available from: 2025-11-25 Created: 2025-11-25 Last updated: 2025-11-25Bibliographically approved

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Bianchi, Marta AngelaMoshtaghian, HaniehHallström, Elinor

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