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Principled neuromorphic reservoir computing
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Data Science. Örebro University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6032-6155
University of California, USA.
University of California, USA.
University of California, USA.
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2025 (English)In: Nature Communications, E-ISSN 2041-1723, Vol. 16, no 1Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Reservoir computing advances the intriguing idea that a nonlinear recurrent neural circuit—the reservoir—can encode spatio-temporal input signals to enable efficient ways to perform tasks like classification or regression. However, recently the idea of a monolithic reservoir network that simultaneously buffers input signals and expands them into nonlinear features has been challenged. A representation scheme in which memory buffer and expansion into higher-order polynomial features can be configured separately has been shown to significantly outperform traditional reservoir computing in prediction of multivariate time-series. Here we propose a configurable neuromorphic representation scheme that provides competitive performance on prediction, but with significantly better scaling properties than directly materializing higher-order features as in prior work. Our approach combines the use of randomized representations from traditional reservoir computing with mathematical principles for approximating polynomial kernels via such representations. While the memory buffer can be realized with standard reservoir networks, computing higher-order features requires networks of ‘Sigma-Pi’ neurons, i.e., neurons that enable both summation as well as multiplication of inputs. Finally, we provide an implementation of the memory buffer and Sigma-Pi networks on Loihi 2, an existing neuromorphic hardware platform. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Nature Research , 2025. Vol. 16, no 1
Keywords [en]
buffer; hardware; numerical method; prediction; adult; article; controlled study; female; human; nerve cell network; prediction; time series analysis
National Category
Computer and Information Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-78006DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-55832-yScopus ID: 2-s2.0-85215759192OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-78006DiVA, id: diva2:1998091
Note

D.K. has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curiegrant agreement No 839179. The work of C.J.K. was supported by theDepartment of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science &Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship Program. The work of C.J.K.and B.A.O. was supported by the Center for the Co-Design of CognitiveSystems (CoCoSys), one of seven centers in JUMP 2.0, a SemiconductorResearch Corporation (SRC) program sponsored by DARPA, as well as NSF Awards 2147640 and 2313149. The work of D.K., B.A.O., and F.T.S. was supported in part by Intel’s THWAI program. F.T.S. was supported by NSF Grant IIS1718991, NIH Grant R01-EB026955 and by the Kavli Foundation. The authors acknowledge the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking for awarding this study access to the EuroHPC supercomputer LUMI (project No 465000448), hosted by CSC (Finland) and the LUMI consortiu tthrough a EuroHPC Regular Access call.

Available from: 2025-09-15 Created: 2025-09-15 Last updated: 2025-09-23Bibliographically approved

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