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Towards Credible Simulators: A Validation Methodology for Safety-Critical Virtual Testing
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Electrification and Reliability. (Dependable Transport Systems)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9672-2689
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Electrification and Reliability.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3446-1265
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Electrification and Reliability.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9536-4269
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Electrification and Reliability.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6236-5799
2025 (English)In: Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security. SAFECOMP 2025 Workshops / [ed] Törngren, M., Gallina, B., Schoitsch, E., Troubitsyna, E., Bitsch, F., 2025, Vol. 15955Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Recent advances in high-performance graphics and physics engines (e.g., Unreal Engine) have popularized simulators for safety-critical system testing, yet credible validation is essential for reliable outcomes. This paper introduces a novel methodology for validating simulation toolchains, combining principles from SAE and UNECE frameworks with validation cycles to accommodate evolving safety-critical requirements. We demonstrate this approach through a case study evaluating the color fidelity of an Unreal Engine-based perception toolchain for safety-critical applications such as human and obstacle detection. Comparative tests of real and simulated camera outputs show that Unreal Engine’s camera model achieves "Delta E" < 4 under controlled lighting, closely matching the reference colors, but complex real-world lighting and seasonal variations can introduce perceivable color discrepancies. Our iterative methodology enables progressive refinements (reducing "Delta E" variations) and establishes critical traceability links for assessors related to evolving system requirements, toolchain modifications, as well as validation evidence. The resulting framework provides assessors with a verifiable chain of evidence from initial discrepancies to compliance, bridging the gap between adaptive development and certification needs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. Vol. 15955
Keywords [en]
Simulation validation, Safety-critical systems, Virtual testing toolchain, Unreal engine, Camera model fidelity
National Category
Other Computer and Information Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-78760DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-02018-5_12ISBN: 978-3-032-02017-8 (print)ISBN: 978-3-032-02018-5 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-78760DiVA, id: diva2:1991623
Conference
SAFECOMP 2025
Funder
EU, Horizon EuropeAvailable from: 2025-08-25 Created: 2025-08-25 Last updated: 2025-09-23Bibliographically approved

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Avula, Ramana ReddyMohamad, MazenSangchoolie, BehroozDamschen, Marvin

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