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A structural equation modeling approach for the acceptance of driverless automated shuttles based on constructs from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and the Diffusion of Innovation Theory
Delft University of Technology, Netherlands; EICT GmbH, Germany.
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4669-252X
Delft University of Technology, Netherlands.
Tianjin University, China.
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2021 (English)In: Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, ISSN 1369-8478, E-ISSN 1873-5517, Vol. 78, p. 58-73Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The present study investigated the attitudes and acceptance of automated shuttles in public transport among 340 individuals physically experiencing the automated shuttle ‘Emily’ from Easymile in a mixed traffic environment on the semi-public EUREF (Europäisches Energieforum) campus in Berlin. Automated vehicle acceptance was modelled as a function of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) constructs performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions, the Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DIT) constructs compatibility and trialability, as well as trust and automated shuttle sharing. The results show that after adding the DIT constructs, automated shuttle sharing, and trust to the model, the effect of performance expectancy on behavioural intention was no longer significant. Instead, compatibility with current travel was the strongest predictor of behavioural intention to use automated shuttles. It was further found that individuals who are willing to share rides in an automated shuttle with fellow travelers (i.e., automated shuttle sharing) and who trust automated shuttles (i.e., trust) are more likely to intend to use automated shuttles (i.e., behavioural intention). The highest mean rating was obtained for believing that automated shuttles are easy to use, while the lowest mean rating was obtained for feeling safe inside the automated shuttle without any type of supervision. The analysis revealed a preference for the supervision of the automated shuttle via an external control room to the supervision by a human steward onboard. We recommend future research to investigate the hypothesis that compatibility could serve as an even stronger predictor of the behavioural intention to use automated shuttles in public transport than performance expectancy. © 2021 The Author(s)

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier Ltd , 2021. Vol. 78, p. 58-73
Keywords [en]
Automated shuttle sharing, Automated shuttles, Automated vehicle acceptance, DIT, UTAUT, Economic and social effects, Automated vehicles, Behavioural intentions, Diffusion of innovation theory, Facilitating conditions, Social influence, Structural equation modeling, The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology(UTAUT), Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, Automation
National Category
Information Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-52514DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2021.01.001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85101336388OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-52514DiVA, id: diva2:1538255
Available from: 2021-03-18 Created: 2021-03-18 Last updated: 2025-09-23Bibliographically approved

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Malmsten, Victor

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