HANS-projektets syfte var att undersöka, testa och utvärdera metoder för att utöka det interna användandet av spånor och restprodukter i producerande gjuterimiljöer där hela värdekedjan beaktas och bidrar därmed till att sluta produktcirkeln. Arbetspaket 2 fokuserade på återvinning av stålspånor, både internt och externt producerade, genom att utvärdera olika metoder för spånhantering och rening, samt genomfördes tre fullskaliga gjutförsök. Målet var att undersöka om man kan återanvända spånor utan att komponentkvalitén påverkas negativt. Ett flertal tester genomfördes med centrifugering, brikettering, tvättning, torkning och avbränning i syfte att undersöka om skärvätskan kunde avlägsnas. Reningsmetoderna gav varierande resultat där tvättning var mest effektiv men ansågs opraktisk och svår att genomföra i en industriell skala. En metod som däremot visades sig vara mer lovande var avbränning med hjälp av befintliga värmebehandlingsugnar. Resultaten från genomförda gjutförsök visade att återvinning av både externa och interna spånor uppfyller de både kemiska och mekaniska krav. Det genomförda arbetet bedöms framgångsrikt, med god måluppfyllelse i linje med projektets ambitioner. Arbetet har hjälpt ingående företag att öka sin återvinning av stålspånor, vilket kommer göra att gjuteriernas miljöpåverkan minskar samtidigt som de blir mer resurseffektiva.

In this paper, an attempt is made to explain the surface texture of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) parts more satisfyingly than the existing methods. Investigations were carried out on the 316L stainless steel SLM samples. To account for most of the surface conditions, a truncheon artefact was employed for the analysis. A Stylus Profilometer was employed as a metrology tool for obtaining the 3D surface measurements. A methodology is proposed to extract and characterize the topographic features of Additive Manufactured (AM) surfaces. Here, the overall roughness of the surface is segregated into the roughness of the powder particles and the waviness due to thermal and the "staircase" effects. Analyzing these features individually results in an increased understanding of the AM process and an opportunity to optimize machine settings.

Electron Beam Melting (EBM) was used to build Ti-6Al-4V cylindrical shell samples with different wall thickness filled with powder. Built shell samples were HIPed and the difference in microstructure between the EBM-built walls and densified powder inside the shell components was studied as well as the cohesion between these two regions. Components characterization utilizing LOM and SEM+EBSD indicates that columnar grain growth was consistent before and after HIP in the EBM-built part of the components (walls), whereas the densified material in the center of the component had a fine isotropic microstructure, characteristic for HIPed material. The combination of EBM and HIP is shown to be an attractive way of manufacturing complex-shape full density components for high performance applications, involving shortening of built time in the EBM-processing and lead time in capsule fabrication for HIP.

Compaction of additively manufactured Ti6Al4V components by Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) is often applied to eliminate porosity, producing fully dense material. In the present work shelled samples produced by Electron Beam Melting with the Arcam process (EBM) were compacted by HIP to produce fully dense samples. Cylindrical samples were studied. The walls of the cylinders were built with EBM, and the powder from the process was left uncompacted inside the cylinders. Samples with different wall thicknesses were produced. The samples were thereafter subjected to a HIP compaction. The critical wall thicknesses needed for compaction were evaluated, and the microstructures characterized. The results show that fully dense samples, with very fine microstructures, are possible.