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  • 1.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, Trätek.
    Fungal disfigurement of acetylated wood2011In: Proceedings of the 7th meeting of the Nordic-Baltic Network in Wood Material Science & Engineering (WSE), Norsk institutt for skog og landskap , 2011, , p. 19-24Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 2.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy, Biobased Materials.
    Performance of buildings2017In: Performance of Bio-based Building Materials, Elsevier Inc. , 2017, p. 335-383Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The chapter deals with different aspects on the use and performance of bio-based building materials in constructions and buildings.

  • 3.
    Bardage, Stig
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Henriksson, Marielle
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Olsson, Sara
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Collins, Peter
    Meng, Decheng
    Ahniyaz, Anwar
    Johansson Salazar-Sandoval, Eric
    Rahnier, André
    Gasparini, Michèle
    Lamproye, Nicolas
    Nanoparticles for UV Protection of Clear Coatings – Field and Laboratory Trials2013In: Surface Coatings International (SCI), ISSN 1754-0925, Vol. 96, no 2, p. 94-99Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 4.
    Bardage, Stig
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP - Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Jermer, Jöran
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP - Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Ohlsson, Tomas
    Anderson, Torbjörn
    Försök med olika material i bryggor vid Öresund: Lägesrapport nr 22014Report (Refereed)
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    FULLTEXT01
  • 5.
    Bardage, Stig
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Jones, Dennis
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut / Material och produkter (TRm).
    Jermer, Jöran
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Simple test setups for assessment of performance outdoors2014In: COST Action FP1303, University of Ljubljana & University of Primorska , 2014, , p. 21-22Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 6.
    Bardage, Stig
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Larsson Brelid, Pia
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Jermer, Jöran
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Pilotprojekt 10 - Testbäddar för livslängdsbedömning av biobaserade material2015Report (Refereed)
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 7.
    Bardage, Stig
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, Trätek.
    Long, Carl
    Dickerson, James
    On the susceptibility of acetylated wood to disfiguring fungi2012In: The Sixth European Conference on Wood Modification Proceedings, University of Ljubljana , 2012, , p. 81-87Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 8.
    Bardage, Stig
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Hållbar Samhällsbyggnad.
    Westin, Mats
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Hållbar Samhällsbyggnad.
    Fogarty, Heather
    Kebony AS, Norway.
    Trey, Stacy
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, Trätek.
    The effect of natural product treatment of southern yellow pine on fungi causing blue stain and mold2014In: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, ISSN 0964-8305, E-ISSN 1879-0208, Vol. 86, no B, p. 54-59Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Blue stain and mold growth on wood can be aesthetically unappealing, but mold growth can also potentially trigger health related issues. In this study, a screening of the effect of selected natural products and derivatives of natural products including essential oils, plant based monomers, and shellfish exoskeleton compounds on the inhibition of blue stain fungi and mold fungi in southern yellow pine veneers and cellulose filter paper. The treatment of the substrates, the weight percent gain of the natural products, and the inhibition effect is presented. The natural products have been investigated previously, but most have not been applied to wood or investigated with regards to blue stain or mold growth. The specimens were treated by dipping, wrapping in foil, and then heating at 105°C for 24h in order to encourage reaction or grafting of the natural products to the wood. A selection of seven additives each exhibited significant protection against blue stain colonization in Petri dish tests and these were studied more in-depth. These included tea tree oil, propyl gallate, hydrogenated gum oil, salicylic acid, cinnamon bark oil, butylene oxide, and furfural. The salicylic acid, tea tree oil, and cinnamon bark oil had the least amount of mold growth after four weeks in the mold chamber test, and have been previously reported to have a mechanism of antifungal activity resulting from their ability to disrupt the fungal cell wall. Propyl gallate veneer was the only specimen that had a lower pH and that would be considered unfavorable to mold growth. While furfural, salicylic acid, and cinnamon bark oil treated veneers all had more hydrophobic surfaces when compared to untreated wood.

  • 9.
    Bok, Gunilla
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut / Byggnadsfysik och innemiljö (ETi ).
    Johansson, Pernilla
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut / Byggnadsfysik och innemiljö (ETi ).
    Ekstrand-Tobin, Annika
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut / Byggnadsfysik och innemiljö (ETi ).
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Critical moisture levels and mould resistance of five different wood treatments2013In: Proceedings IRG Annual Meeting IRG/WP 13, 2013, , p. 10Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 10. Brischke, Christian
    et al.
    Hesse, Carola
    Meyer, Linda
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Jermer, Jöran
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Isaksson, Tord
    Moisture dynamics of wood – An approach to implement wetting ability of wood into a resistance classification concept2014In: Proceedings IRG Annual Meeting 2014 - IRG/WP 14, 2014, , p. 14Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 11. Frühwald, Eva
    et al.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Thelandersson, Sven
    Modelling the risk for mould growth on timber stored outdoors protected from rain2013In: Proceedings IRG Annual Meeting IRG/WP 13, 2013, , p. 16Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 12. Gobakken, L R
    et al.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, Trätek.
    Long, Carl
    Succession of staining fungi on acetylated wood and the effect of selected influencing factors2011In: Proceedings of the 7th meeting of the Nordic-Baltic Network in Wood Material Science & Engineering (WSE), Norsk institutt for skog og landskap , 2011, , p. 13-18Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 13. Gobakken, L R
    et al.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Long, Carl
    Surface moulds and staining fungi on acetylated wood – effect of increasing acetyl content2013In: Proceedings IRG Annual Meeting IRG/WP 13, 2013, , p. 8Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 14.
    Humar, Miha
    et al.
    University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
    Brischke, Christian
    Leibniz University Hannover, Germany.
    Meyer, Linda
    Leibniz University Hannover, Germany.
    Lesar, Boštjan
    University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
    Thaler, Nejc
    University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
    Jones, Dennis
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut / Material och produkter (TRm). Luleå University of Technology, Sweden.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Hållbar Samhällsbyggnad.
    Belloncle, Christophe
    Ecole Supérieure du Bois, France.
    Van den Bulcke, Jan
    Ghent University, Belgium.
    Abascal, José Miguel
    Tecnalia R&I, Spain.
    Alfredsen, Gry
    Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, Norway.
    Baisch, Daniela
    Robert OTT, Germany.
    Brunnhuber, Barbara
    Holzforschung Austria, Austria.
    Cofta, Grzegorz
    Institute of Chemical Wood Technology, Poland.
    Grodås, Eva
    Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, Norway.
    Frühwald Hansson, Eva
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Irle, Mark
    Ecole Supérieure du Bois, France.
    Kallakas, Heikko
    Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia.
    Kers, Jaan
    Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia.
    Klamer, Morten
    Danish Technological Institute, Denmark.
    Larsson Brelid, Pia
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP - Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Maider, A.
    Tecnalia R&I, Spain.
    Mahnert, Karl-Christian
    Norwegian Institute of Wood Technology, Norway.
    Melcher, Eckhard
    Thünen-Institut für Holzforschung, Germany.
    Möller, Ralf
    BASF Wolman GmbH, Germany.
    Noel, Marion
    Bern University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland.
    Nunes, Lina
    LNEC Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil, Portugal.
    Ormondroyd, Graham Alan
    Bangor University, UK.
    Palanti, Sabrina
    CNR IVALSA, Italy.
    Pfabigan, Notburga
    Holzforschung Austria, Austria.
    Pilgård, Annica
    Technical University of Munich, Germany.
    Rapp, Andreas O.
    Gutachtenbüro Rapp, Germany.
    Schumacher, Peter
    MPA Eberswalde, Germany.
    Suttie, Ed
    Building Research Establishment, UK.
    Teppand, Tõnis
    Estonian University of Life Sciences, Estonia.
    Touza, Manuel
    CIS-Madera, Spain.
    Van Acker, Joris
    Ghent University, Belgium.
    Introduction of the COST FP 1303 Cooperative Performance Test2015In: Proceedings of the 46th IRG Annual Meeting, 2015, no 20567, article id IRG/WP 15-20567Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    COST Action FP 1303 “Performance of bio-based building materials” successfully started in October 2013 and an ambitious program was set up for the four year programme. COST Actions provide an excellent opportunity for collaborative research, e.g. in the frame of Round Robin tests.

    The idea of this respective test was to distribute a fairly simple test set up to as many places in Europe as possible in order to collect performance data reflecting the range of climatic exposure conditions. Furthermore we wanted to consider performance in its manifold meaning, i.e. optical, aesthetical, moisture and functional performance and durability. In contrast to traditional Round Robin tests aiming on comparative evaluation and validation of results from different test laboratories, this initiative aims on collecting performance data under climatically different exposure conditions. Therefore it was required to provide weather data from the respective test sites to allow establishing relationships between climate conditions and the following measured, which shall be evaluated regularly: decay, discolouration, development of mould and other staining fungi, corrosion, formation of cracks and moisture performance (if data logging device is included). Further details about the test and the first outcomes are presented in this paper.

  • 15.
    Jermer, Jöran
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Provning av olika trämaterials och träbehandlingars resistens mot mikrobiell påväxt vid exponering utomhus2013Report (Refereed)
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    FULLTEXT01
  • 16.
    Jermer, Jöran
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut.
    Anderson, Torbjörn
    Nilsson, Nicklas
    Försök med olika material i bryggor vid Öresund: Lägesrapport nr 32016Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Testing different materials exposed in jetties at Öresund - Progress report No. 3

    This report contains results of the fourth inspection on the performance of different decking materials – preservative-treated wood, modified wood, natural durable wood, recycled plastics and wood-plastic composites (WPCs), available on the market and exposed in two jetties near the Øresund Bridge, south of central Malmö in Sweden. The objective of the test is to gather information relatively quickly on material performance with respect to appearance, durability and function of the tested materials.

    The test has, in spite of the relatively short exposure time, provided useful information on the properties of the different materials and their suitability for outdoor end-use situations exposed to wet conditions and attacks by wood-destroying organisms, but also withrespect to mechanical and aesthetic aspects.

    All wood materials have become greyish in short time, whereas the colour of the recycled plastics and composites still remains roughly the same as the original after exposure during four summers.

    All materials but the re-cycled plastics and composites have been more or less attacked by discolouring fungi and algae. No decay has been observed with the exception of minorincipient decay around screws in roble and Western Red Cedar.

    The mechanical properties vary considerably between the materials. Oak, robinia, bangkirai, azobé and Thermowood® have all shown tendencies of formation of cracks andsplinters, which may cause injuries in bare feet

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    fulltext
  • 17.
    Jermer, Jöran
    et al.
    RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy, Biobased Materials.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy, Biobased Materials.
    Larsson Brelid, Pia
    RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy, Biobased Materials.
    Staafjord, Tomas
    Länsstyrelsen Västerbotten, Sweden.
    BESTÄNDIGHETSPROVNINGAR AV TRÄMATERIAL MED KOPPLING TILL BJÖRNLANDETS NATIONALPARK2018Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Durability tests of wood materials related to constructions in Björnlandet National Park

    The aim of the present study, primarily initiated by the Swedish Environmental Agency, is to study the durability of different wood materials related to and used in constructions in Björnlandet National Park in northern Sweden (63°97´N, 18°05´E), completed during 2014 and 2015. Of particular interest is to determine the durability properties in a scientific way of local materials used, such as mountain-grown Norway spruce and locally grown Scots pine and larch. The effect on the performance of charring and superficial wood-tar treatment is also studied.

    The study consists of a laboratory test according to ENV 807, a field trial according to EN 252 and a service trial on-site in the national park, including constructions such as load-bearing piles, ramps, foot-bridges and platforms. Results from the tests according to ENV 807 and EN 252 as well as the initial inspection of the constructions and components of different materials are presented in this report.

    During the initial inspection of the constructions on site, then in use for 1-2 years, no decay was found besides a small initial attack on one single pile of larch.

    The accelerated tests in laboratory and field have provided interesting information on the durability properties of the different materials and the ranking between them from a durability point of view which can be concluded as follows:

    • The local materials show moderate durability with marginal differences between the materials, with the exception of the spruce materials which show lower durability, comparable to the durability of pine sapwood.

    • Heartwood of locally grown pine and larch show basically equal durability properties.

    • Slow-grown wood will not enhance the durability properties.

    • Superficial treatment with wood-tar contributes so far to a somewhat increased durability. However, the primary positive effect is most certainly owing to the smell and appearance of wood treated with wood-tar, which in certain environments contributes to a positive perception. Charring does not add any value from a durability point of view.

    It is important that the results of the laboratory and field tests are interpreted with some care and common sense. The relatively extensive decay achieved with all materials but the preservative-treated wood does not necessarily mean that the constructions will be subject to early decay. With respect to the geographical location of Björnlandet National Park in the inland of northern Sweden, where the decay hazard in general is moderate, the local materials can thus be expected to have a reasonably long service.

    However, results from the tests indicate that efforts to select local materials/use "traditional" treatments most certainly will not result in longer service life than can be achieved with corresponding materials commercially available.

    Finally, it is pointed out that:

    • Avoiding moisture traps by correct design of components and constructions is vital for the service life when "traditional" local materials and treatments are used.

    • Preservative treatment will in general give critical wooden constructions a longer service life. The use of untreated wood involves more uncertainty with expected service life. Regular inspections and maintenance are therefore particularly important for constructions critical to personal safety (e.g. foot bridges, ramps) or infrastructure (e.g. bridges).

    Urgent future objectives to complete are the inspections of the field trial until remaining stakes have been exposed for five years, and to follow up the service trial in Björnlandet National Park with inspections in 4-5 years, i.e. in 2022 or 2023 in order to confirm or reassess the preliminary conclusions.

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  • 18.
    Joffre, Thomas
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Neagu, Cristian
    Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Switzerland; Tetra Pak, Switzerland.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Gamstedt, E. Kristofer
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Modelling of the hygroelastic behaviour of normal and compression wood tracheids2014In: Journal of Structural Biology, ISSN 1047-8477, E-ISSN 1095-8657, Vol. 185, no 1, p. 89-98Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Compression wood conifer tracheids show different swelling and stiffness properties than those of usual normal wood, which has a practical function in the living plant: when a conifer shoot is moved from its vertical position, compression wood is formed in the under part of the shoot. The growth rate of the compression wood is faster than in the upper part resulting in a renewed horizontal growth. The actuating and load-carrying function of the compression wood is addressed, on the basis of its special ultrastructure and shape of the tracheids. As a first step, a quantitative model is developed to predict the difference of moisture-induced expansion and axial stiffness between normal wood and compression wood. The model is based on a state space approach using concentric cylinders with anisotropic helical structure for each cell-wall layer, whose hygroelastic properties are in turn determined by a self-consistent concentric cylinder assemblage of the constituent wood polymers. The predicted properties compare well with experimental results found in the literature. Significant differences in both stiffness and hygroexpansion are found for normal and compression wood, primarily due to the large difference in microfibril angle and lignin content. On the basis of these numerical results, some functional arguments for the reason of high microfibril angle, high lignin content and cylindrical structure of compression wood tracheids are supported.

  • 19.
    Joffre, Thomas
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Segerholm, Kristoffer
    RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Built Environment, Building Technology.
    Persson, Cecilia
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Built Environment, Building Technology.
    Luengo Hendriks, Cris L.
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Isaksson, Per
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Characterization of interfacial stress transfer ability in acetylation-treated wood fibre composites using X-ray microtomography2017In: Industrial crops and products (Print), ISSN 0926-6690, E-ISSN 1872-633X, Vol. 95, p. 43-49Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The properties of the fibre/matrix interface contribute to stiffness, strength and fracture behaviour of fibre-reinforced composites. In cellulosic composites, the limited affinity between the hydrophilic fibres and the hydrophobic thermoplastic matrix remains a challenge, and the reinforcing capability of the fibres is hence not fully utilized. A direct characterisation of the stress transfer ability through pull-out tests on single fibres is extremely cumbersome due to the small dimension of the wood fibres. Here a novel approach is proposed: the length distribution of the fibres sticking out of the matrix at the fracture surface is approximated using X-ray microtomography and is used as an estimate of the adhesion between the fibres and the matrix. When a crack grows in the material, the fibres will either break or be pulled-out of the matrix depending on their adhesion to the matrix: good adhesion between the fibres and the matrix should result in more fibre breakage and less pull-out of the fibres than poor adhesion. The effect of acetylation on the adhesion between the wood fibres and the PLA matrix was evaluated at different moisture contents using the proposed method. By using an acetylation treatment of the fibres it was possible to improve the strength of the composite samples soaked in the water by more than 30%.

  • 20.
    Jones, Dennis
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut / Material och produkter (TRm).
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, Trätek.
    Brischke, Christian
    Introduction to COST Action FP1303: Performance of bio-based building materials2013In: Proceedings of the 9th Meeting of the Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering, 2013, , p. 50-55Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 21.
    Larsson Brelid, Pia
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Pilgård, Annica
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Ringman, Rebecka
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut / Material och produkter (TRm).
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Testbäddar för beständighetsprovning2014Report (Refereed)
    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 22.
    Sebring, Tommy
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, SP Trä.
    Provning av färgsystem mot kvistgulning2012Report (Refereed)
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    FULLTEXT01
  • 23.
    Segerholm, Kristoffer
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, Trätek.
    Wålinder, Magnus
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, Trätek.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, Trätek.
    Mould growth resistance of fungicide-containing WPC2011In: Proceedings of the 7th meeting of the Nordic-Baltic Network in Wood Material Science & Engineering (WSE), Norsk institutt for skog og landskap , 2011, , p. 25-30Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 24. Selig, Bettina
    et al.
    Luengo Hendriks, Cris
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Sveriges tekniska forskningsinstitut, Trätek.
    Daniel, Geoffrey
    Borgefors, Gunilla
    Automatic measurement of compression wood cell attributes in fluorescence microscopy images2012In: Journal of Microscopy, ISSN 0022-2720, E-ISSN 1365-2818, Vol. 246, no 3, p. 298-308Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 25.
    Treu, Andreas
    et al.
    Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, Norway.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Hållbar Samhällsbyggnad.
    Johansson, Mats
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Trey, Stacy
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Fungal durability of polyaniline modified wood and the impact of a low pulsed electric field2014In: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, ISSN 0964-8305, E-ISSN 1879-0208, Vol. 87, no Febr, p. 26-33Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    New wood protection technologies should be effective against biodeterioration and at the same time minimize environmental impact. The present study investigates the effect of polyanilinemodification of wood and the effect of a pulsed electric field on fungal protection. The effect of fungi and a pulsed electric field on the conductivity of the modified wood was also measured. It was found that it is possible to polymerize polyaniline particles in-situ homogeneously throughout the wood specimens. The polyaniline particles themselves were not found to be anti-fungal, however when in contact with water they affected the pH drastically and inhibited fungal growth. The wood treatment with polyaniline and the connection to a pulsed electric fieldwere found to be effective in protecting the wood from deterioration when exposed to Postia placenta. The unmodified samples that were connected to a pulsed electric field lost under 10wt% due to fungal degradation. The combination of polyaniline treatment with the connection to a pulsed electric field showed a slight synergistic effect which resulted in less weight loss due to fungal degradation. However, a more brittle wood structure was observed.Leached and fungal exposed samples showed a significant drop in the conductivity, indicating that the network has broken down slightly. 

  • 26.
    Tuominen, Mikko
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Kemi Material och Ytor, Material och ytteknik.
    Teisala, Hannu
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Haapanen, Janne
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Mäkelä, Jyrki M.
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Honkanen, Mari
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Vippola, Minnamari
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Bardage, Stig
    Wålinder, Magnus E. P.
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Swerin, Agne
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Kemi Material och Ytor, Material och ytteknik.
    Superamphiphobic overhang coating on a biobased material2016In: Annual Surface and Materials Chemistry Symposium and Materials for tomorrow (ASMCS 2016), 2016Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 27.
    Tuominen, Mikko
    et al.
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Kemi Material och Ytor, Material och ytteknik.
    Teisala, Hannu
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Haapanen, Janne
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Mäkelä, Jyrki M.
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Honkanen, Mari
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Vippola, Minnamari
    Tampere University of Technology, Finland.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut.
    Wålinder, Magnus E. P.
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Swerin, Agne
    RISE, SP – Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut, SP Kemi Material och Ytor, Material och ytteknik. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Superamphiphobic overhang structured coating on a biobased material2016In: Applied Surface Science, ISSN 0169-4332, E-ISSN 1873-5584, Vol. 389, p. 135-143Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A superamphiphobic coating on a biobased material shows extreme liquid repellency with static contact angles (CA) greater than 150° and roll-off angles less than 10° against water, ethylene glycol, diiodomethane and olive oil, and a CA for hexadecane greater than 130°. The coating consisting of titania nanoparticles deposited by liquid flame spray (LFS) and hydrophobized using plasma-polymerized perfluorohexane was applied to a birch hardwood. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging after sample preparation by UV laser ablation of coated areas revealed that capped structures were formed and this, together with the geometrically homogeneous wood structure, fulfilled the criteria for overhang structures to occur. The coating showed high hydrophobic durability by still being non-wetted after 500 000 water drop impacts, and this is discussed in relation to geometrical factors and wetting forces. The coating was semi-transparent with no significant coloration. A self-cleaning effect was demonstrated with both water and oil droplets. A self-cleanable, durable and highly transparent superamphiphobic coating based on a capped overhang structure has a great potential for commercial feasibility in a variety of applications, here exemplified for a biobased material.

  • 28.
    Wadsö, Lars
    et al.
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Johansson, Sanne
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Built Environment, Building Technology.
    Monitoring of fungal colonization of wood materials using isothermal calorimetry2017In: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, ISSN 0964-8305, E-ISSN 1879-0208, Vol. 120, p. 43-51Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We have developed a method based on isothermal calorimetry to monitor the colonization of wood materials by decay fungi. The heat produced is a direct and continuous measure of the activity (respiration) of the fungus. This pre-study shows that wood materials treated in different ways give results that reflect the known ranking of the materials regarding resistance to decay. In addition to this, the 40 days measurements show several phases and periods of oscillating respiration. As the calorimeter continuously monitors the colonization and degradation process, this method provides more information than classical/standardized decay tests in which typically only the final mass loss is determined.

  • 29.
    Yin, Haiyan
    et al.
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Material and Surface Design. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Ringman, Rebecka
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Material and Surface Design.
    Sedighi Moghaddam, Maziar
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Material and Surface Design.
    Tuominen, Mikko
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Material and Surface Design.
    Dėdinaitė, Andra
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Chemical Process and Pharmaceutical Development. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Wålinder, Magnus
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Swerin, Agne
    Karlstad University, Sweden.
    Bardage, Stig
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Material and Surface Design.
    Susceptibility of surface-modified superhydrophobic wood and acetylated wood to mold and blue stain fungi2023In: Progress in organic coatings, ISSN 0300-9440, E-ISSN 1873-331X, Vol. 182, article id 107628Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The susceptibility of surface-modified wood, surface-modified acetylated wood and acetylated wood to mold and blue stain fungi was investigated. The surface modifications were based on fluorinated and non-fluorinated silicone nanofilaments for increased hydrophobicity. Results showed an increased mold resistance of the surface-modified superhydrophobic wood with mold appearing later or with less intensity on the modified surfaces than on the untreated wood in accelerated mold chamber tests due to the increased water resistance of the samples. All acetylated wood samples exhibited good mold resistance as the available water in acetylated wood was reduced. The surface modifications on acetylated wood had a slightly negative effect on mold resistance due to side effects from the modification. The surface-modified wood showed high blue stain fungi coverage, whereas almost no blue stain fungi were observed on the acetylated wood and surface-modified acetylated wood. The surface-modified superhydrophobic wood showed high mold coverage after conditioning in a high-humidity environment or after exposure to UV irradiation. Meanwhile, the acetylated wood and surface-modified superhydrophobic acetylated wood showed a small amount of mold coverage in these conditions. © 2023 The Authors

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