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Life cycle assessment of lithium-ion batteries for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles-Critical issues
RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Materials and Production, IVF.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1826-8665
RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Materials and Production, IVF.
RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Materials and Production, IVF.
2010 (English)In: Journal of Cleaner Production, ISSN 0959-6526, E-ISSN 1879-1786, Vol. 18, no 15, p. 1517-1527Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The main aim of the study was to explore how LCA can be used to optimize the design of lithium-ion batteries for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Two lithium-ion batteries, both based on lithium iron phosphate, but using different solvents during cell manufacturing, were studied by means of life cycle assessment, LCA. The general conclusions are limited to results showing robustness against variation in critical data. The study showed that it is environmentally preferable to use water as a solvent instead of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, NMP, in the slurry for casting the cathode and anode of lithium-ion batteries. Recent years' improvements in battery technology, especially related to cycle life, have decreased production phase environmental impacts almost to the level of use phase impacts. In the use phase, environmental impacts related to internal battery efficiency are two to six times larger than the impact from losses due to battery weight in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, assuming 90% internal battery efficiency. Thus, internal battery efficiency is a very important parameter; at least as important as battery weight. Areas, in which data is missing or inadequate and the environmental impact is or may be significant, include: production of binders, production of lithium salts, cell manufacturing and assembly, the relationship between weight of vehicle and vehicle energy consumption, information about internal battery efficiency and recycling of lithium-ion batteries based on lithium iron phosphate. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2010. Vol. 18, no 15, p. 1517-1527
Keywords [en]
Eco-design, Life cycle assessment, Lithium-ion batteries, Manufacturing, Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
National Category
Materials Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-13366DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.06.004Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-77955555624OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-13366DiVA, id: diva2:973572
Available from: 2016-09-22 Created: 2016-09-22 Last updated: 2023-05-25Bibliographically approved

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Zackrisson, Mats

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