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Experimental quantification of differences in damage due to in-plane tensile test and bending of paperboard
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Pulp, Paper and Packaging.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7356-1093
BillerudKorsnäs, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9689-5966
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
2022 (English)In: Packaging technology & science, ISSN 0894-3214, E-ISSN 1099-1522, Vol. 35, p. 69-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Creasing is an essential process to convert paperboards into packages since it enables folding along well-defined lines. The creasing process relies on purpose-made damage that is initiated in the paperboard structure: delamination. However, creasing might also cause in-plane cracks, which must be avoided. In this laboratory study, three paperboards were creased at six different depths, respectively. Two mechanical tests were performed to characterize the creases at standard climate (23°C and 50% RH): 2-point folding, to examine the bending force and short-span in-plane tensile test to evaluate the strength. The results were normalized with the values for the uncreased boards, which gave the relative strength ratios: relative creasing strength (RCS) and relative tensile strength (RTS). When the relative strengths were evaluated against the normative shear strains, a creasing window was formed. This window has an upper limit given by the RTS values, corresponding to the in-plane cracks, and a lower limit given by the RCS values, corresponding to the delamination damage initiated in the paperboard during creasing. It was observed that both the RCS and RTS values exhibit a linear relation against normative shear strain. From this, it was concluded that performing tests at two creasing depths might be sufficient to estimate the lower, and upper, limits for the creasing window in future studies. Finally, the effect of moisture was investigated by creasing, folding and tensile testing at 23°C and 90% RH, which showed that moisture had no clear effect on the RCS or the RTS values. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley and Sons Ltd , 2022. Vol. 35, p. 69-
Keywords [en]
creasing, moisture, paperboard, RCS, RTS, Bending tests, Paperboards, Tensile strength, Tensile testing, %moisture, Foldings, Lower limits, Plane crack, Relative creasing strength, Relative strength, Relative tensile strength, Strength values, Upper limits
National Category
Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-56948DOI: 10.1002/pts.2608Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85116161583OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-56948DiVA, id: diva2:1612791
Available from: 2021-11-19 Created: 2021-11-19 Last updated: 2023-11-01Bibliographically approved

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Marin, GustavNygårds, Mikael

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