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Production of Microsclerotia From Entomopathogenic Fungi and Use in Maize Seed Coating as Delivery for Biocontrol Against Fusarium graminearum
Lincoln University, New Zealand; INIA, Uruguay.
Lincoln University, New Zealand.
INIA, Uruguay.
Lincoln University, New Zealand.
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2020 (English)In: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, E-ISSN 2571-581X, Vol. 4, article id 606828Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The commercial use of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium spp. in biopesticides has gained more interest since the discovery that several species of this genus are able to colonize roots. In general, commercial products with Metarhizium are formulated based on conidia for insect pest control. The process of mass production, harvesting, and formulation of infective conidia can be detrimental for conidial viability. Entomopathogenic fungi such as Metarhizium spp. are able to produce high concentrations of resistant structures, known as microsclerotia, when grown in liquid media. Microsclerotia are desiccation tolerant, with excellent storage stability, and are capable of producing high quantities of infective conidia after rehydration. The aim of this study was to evaluate microsclerotia production by different isolates of Metarhizium spp. and determine the effect of microsclerotia coated onto maize seeds on plant growth in the presence of soil-borne pathogen Fusarium graminearum. On average, ~1 × 105 microsclerotia/mL were produced by selected isolates of M. anisopliae (A1080 and F672) and Metarhizium robertsii (F447). Microsclerotia were formulated as granules with diatomaceous earth and used for seed coating, after which propagules produced around 5 × 106 CFU/g of seeds. In the presence of the plant pathogen, maize plants grown from untreated seeds had the lowest growth, while plants treated with the Metarhizium microsclerotia had significantly greater growth than the control plants. Hyphae were observed growing on and in root tissues in all the Metarhizium spp. treatments but not in samples from control plants. Metarhizium hyphal penetration points' on roots were observed 1 month after sowing, indicating the fungi were colonizing roots as endophytes. The results obtained indicate that microsclerotia can be coated onto seeds, providing plant protection against soil plant pathogens and a method to establish Metarhizium in the ecto- and endo-rhizosphere of maize roots, allowing the persistence of this biocontrol agent. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Frontiers Media S.A. , 2020. Vol. 4, article id 606828
Keywords [en]
biocontrol, endophytic entomopathogenic fungi, Fusarium graminearum, Metarhizium spp, microsclerotia, plant growth promotion, plant protection, seed coating
National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-51258DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.606828Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85098140056OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-51258DiVA, id: diva2:1516003
Note

 Funding details: Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación, ANII; Funding details: POS_EXT_2014_1_105884; Funding text 1: We thank to the National Agency for Research and Innovation (ANNI–Uruguay) for funding FR-F Ph.D., studies (POS_EXT_2014_1_105884). We especially thank Dr. Artemio Mendoza for his invaluable advice for the Metarhizium transformation with the GFP protein as well as assistance with laser confocal microscopy observations. We also thanks to Dr. Verónica Ciganda (PPSA - INIA) for her support.

Available from: 2021-01-11 Created: 2021-01-11 Last updated: 2023-03-28Bibliographically approved

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