A survey mapping the use of smoke alarms and residents’ awareness of their legal obligations for protecting their dwellings with smoke alarms has been carried out. A total of 628 individual households geographically distributed throughout Norway were included in this study. The results demonstrated that factors such as level of education, age, gender, and if the dwelling is owned or rented by the resident, affects the awareness and compliance with the regulations and recommendations for the use of smoke alarms in dwellings.