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Characterization of airborne dust emissions from three types of crushed multi-walled carbon nanotube-enhanced concretes
Lund University, Sweden.
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Material and Surface Design. Lund University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8650-4741
Lund University, Sweden; Region Skåne, Sweden.
Lund University, Sweden; Region Skåne, Sweden.
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2024 (English)In: NanoImpact, ISSN 2452-0748, Vol. 34, article id 100500Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Dispersing Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) into concrete at low (<1 wt% in cement) concentrations may improve concrete performance and properties and provide enhanced functionalities. When MWCNT-enhanced concrete is fragmented during remodelling or demolition, the stiff, fibrous and carcinogenic MWCNTs will, however, also be part of the respirable particulate matter released in the process. Consequently, systematic aerosolizing of crushed MWCNT-enhanced concretes in a controlled environment and measuring the properties of this aerosol can give valuable insights into the characteristics of the emissions such as concentrations, size range and morphology. These properties impact to which extent the emissions can be inhaled as well as where they are expected to deposit in the lung, which is critical to assess whether these materials might constitute a future health risk for construction and demolition workers. In this work, the impact from MWCNTs on aerosol characteristics was assessed for samples of three concrete types with various amounts of MWCNT, using a novel methodology based on the continuous drop method. MWCNT-enhanced concretes were crushed, aerosolized and the emitted particles were characterized with online and offline techniques. For light-weight porous concrete, the addition of MWCNT significantly reduced the respirable mass fraction (RESP) and particle number concentrations (PNC) across all size ranges (7 nm – 20 μm), indicating that MWCNTs dampened the fragmentation process by possibly reinforcing the microstructure of brittle concrete. For normal concrete, the opposite could be seen, where MWCNTs resulted in drastic increases in RESP and PNC, suggesting that the MWCNTs may be acting as defects in the concrete matrix, thus enhancing the fragmentation process. For the high strength concrete, the fragmentation decreased at the lowest MWCNT concentration, but increased again for the highest MWCNT concentration. All tested concrete types emitted <100 nm particles, regardless of CNT content. SEM imaging displayed CNTs protruding from concrete fragments, but no free fibres were detected. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier B.V. , 2024. Vol. 34, article id 100500
Keywords [en]
Aerosols; Concrete aggregates; Demolition; Health risks; Light weight concrete; Morphology; Risk assessment; Buildings materials; Cellular lightweight concrete; Cellulars; Concrete types; Construction and demolition waste; Multi-walled-carbon-nanotubes; Nano-enabled building material; Nanosafety; Property; Size ranges; Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCN)
National Category
Civil Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-72968DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2024.100500Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85186528171OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-72968DiVA, id: diva2:1854339
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 814632AFA Insurance, 20010
Note

This study was supported by AFA Insurance ( dnr 20010 ); the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme LightCoce (grant agreement No 814632 ); and the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research through the research program Mistra Environmental Nanosafety Phase II.

Available from: 2024-04-25 Created: 2024-04-25 Last updated: 2024-04-25Bibliographically approved

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Rissler, JennySuchorzewski, JanPrieto Rábade, MiguelArun Chaudhari, Ojas

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