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High-temperature core flood investigation of nanocellulose as a green additive for enhanced oil recovery
NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy, PFI.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8876-8898
NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
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2019 (English)In: Nanomaterials, E-ISSN 2079-4991, Vol. 9, no 5, article id 665Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Recent studies have discovered a substantial viscosity increase of aqueous cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) dispersions upon heat aging at temperatures above 90 °C. This distinct change in material properties at very low concentrations in water has been proposed as an active mechanism for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), as highly viscous fluid may improve macroscopic sweep efficiencies and mitigate viscous fingering. A high-temperature (120 °C) core flood experiment was carried out with 1 wt.% CNC in low salinity brine on a 60 cm-long sandstone core outcrop initially saturated with crude oil. A flow rate corresponding to 24 h per pore volume was applied to ensure sufficient viscosification time within the porous media. The total oil recovery was 62.2%, including 1.2% oil being produced during CNC flooding. Creation of local log-jams inside the porous media appears to be the dominant mechanism for additional oil recovery during nano flooding. The permeability was reduced by 89.5% during the core flood, and a thin layer of nanocellulose film was observed at the inlet of the core plug. CNC fluid and core flood effluent was analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM), particle size analysis, and shear rheology. The effluent was largely unchanged after passing through the core over a time period of 24 h. After the core outcrop was rinsed, a micro computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to examine heterogeneity of the core. The core was found to be homogeneous. © 2019 by the authors.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI AG , 2019. Vol. 9, no 5, article id 665
Keywords [en]
Cellulose nanocrystals, CNC, Core flood, Crude oil, Enhanced oil recovery, Heat aging, High temperature, Nanocellulose, Nanoparticle, Petroleum, Rheology modification, Tertiary recovery
National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-39051DOI: 10.3390/nano9050665Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85066947377OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-39051DiVA, id: diva2:1331160
Note

Funding details: Norges Forskningsråd, 244615/E30, 262644; Funding details: 245963/F50; Funding text 1: Funding: This research was funded by Research Council of Norway through grant 244615/E30 in the Petromaks2. Program and through the Centres of Excellence funding scheme, project number 262644.; Funding text 2: Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank the Research Council of Norway for their financial support through the GreenEOR project (grant 244615/E30) in the Petromaks2 program, and through the Centres of Excellence funding scheme, project number 262644. The authors would also like to thank Per Olav Johnsen and Birgitte H. McDonagh for acquiring the AFM images. A big thank you to Martin Raphaug and Torleif Holt at SINTEF Petroleum for guidance and help during the core flood experiment. Thanks to Ole Tore Buset from the department of physics at NTNU for obtaining the micro-CT images at their X-ray laboratory. Lastly, the authors would like to thank Amin Hossein Zavieh at NTNU Nanolab/NorFab for acquiring the SEM images. The Research Council of Norway is acknowledged for the support to the Norwegian Micro-and Nano-Fabrication Facility, NorFab, project number 245963/F50.

Available from: 2019-06-26 Created: 2019-06-26 Last updated: 2023-05-25Bibliographically approved

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Heggset, Ellinor BSyverud, Kristin

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