Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Metrological quantification of CO in biogas using laser absorption spectroscopy and gas chromatography
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany.
VSL Dutch Metrology Institute, The Netherlands.
RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioscience and Materials, Chemistry and Materials.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4037-3106
RISE - Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioscience and Materials, Chemistry and Materials.
Show others and affiliations
2018 (English)In: Measurement science and technology, ISSN 0957-0233, E-ISSN 1361-6501, Vol. 29, no 9, article id 095010Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Biogas has a vital role in the future market of renewable energy. When upgraded to biomethane, it can be injected into natural gas grids if the level of certain impurities complies with the specifications in EN16723. For some of these impurities, suitable measurement methods are lacking which hampers the quality control of biomethane to be injected into natural gas networks. Here, we report the evaluation of three detection methods suitable for carbon monoxide (CO) in biogas and biomethane applications for which EN16723 specifies an upper limit of 0.1% (1000 µmol/mol). Two of these methods are based on laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) and one on gas chromatography (GC). Both LAS spectrometers are employing direct absorption spectroscopy and operating at 4.6µm, probing a single CO absorption line in the fundamental CO band: One – called dTDLAS (direct tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy)- is based on a new Interband Cascade Laser specially designed for biogas and biomethane applications, while the other is based on Quantum Cascade Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (QCLAS). The GC is equipped with two packed columns (Hayesep Q and Molecular Sieve 5A) and a thermal conductivity detector. Carbon monoxide amount fraction results in biogas matrices derived using these three measurement methods are compared to amount fraction values of different, gravimetrically prepared reference gas standards of CO in biogas. These were used to validate the measurement capabilities. The measured CO amount fraction results from LAS and GC covered 10 µmol/mol to 30000 µmol/mol (system measurement ranges, LAS: 3 µmol/mol - 1000 µmol/mol, GC: 500 µmol/mol - 30000 µmol/mol) and were in excellent agreement with the gravimetric values of the gas standards. At 400 µmol/mol, the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) compliant relative standard uncertainties of our calibration-free dTDLAS and the gas-calibrated QCLAS systems are estimated to be 1.4 % vs 0.5 %, respectively. The relative standard uncertainty of the GC CO measurements at 5075 µmol/mol is 1.3 %. This work demonstrates that, by means of GC and LAS, relative standard uncertainties of 1.4 % and below can be reached for CO measurements in biogas and that cost-optimized calibration-free approaches not requiring frequent use of gas standards have become available.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2018. Vol. 29, no 9, article id 095010
National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-34113DOI: 10.1088/1361-6501/aad116Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85051718594OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ri-34113DiVA, id: diva2:1232461
Available from: 2018-07-11 Created: 2018-07-11 Last updated: 2023-05-23Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

No full text in DiVA

Other links

Publisher's full textScopus

Authority records

Arrhenius, Karine

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Arrhenius, Karine
By organisation
Chemistry and Materials
In the same journal
Measurement science and technology
Natural Sciences

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar

doi
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
urn-nbn
Total: 177 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf