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Ostrovskis, A., Salgals, T., Krüger, B., Pittalà, F., Joharifar, M., Schatz, R., . . . Ozolins, O. (2024). 106.25 Gbaud On-Off Keying and Pulse Amplitude Modulation Links Supporting Next Generation Ethernet on Single Lambda. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 42(4), 1272
Open this publication in new window or tab >>106.25 Gbaud On-Off Keying and Pulse Amplitude Modulation Links Supporting Next Generation Ethernet on Single Lambda
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2024 (English)In: Journal of Lightwave Technology, ISSN 0733-8724, E-ISSN 1558-2213, Vol. 42, no 4, p. 1272-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Development of Data Center based computing technology require energy efficient high-speed transmission links. This leads to optical amplification-free intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) systems with low complexity equalization compliant with IEEE standardized electrical interfaces. Switching from on-off keying to multi-level pulse amplitude modulation would allow to reduce lane count for next generation Ethernet interfaces. We characterize 106.25 Gbaud on-off keying, 4-level and 6-level pulse amplitude modulation links using two integrated transmitters: O-band directly modulated laser and C-band externally modulated laser. Simple feed forward or decision feedback equalizer is used. We demonstrate 106.25 Gbaud on-off keying links operating without forward error correction for both transmitters. We also show 106.25 Gbaud 4-level and 6-level pulse amplitude modulation links with performance below 6.25% overhead hard-decision forward error threshold of 4.5×10-3. Furthermore, for EML-based transmitter we achieve 106.25 Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modulation performance below KP-FEC threshold of 2.2×10-4. That shows that we can use optics to support (2x)100 Gbps Ethernet on single lambda at expense of simple forward error correction.

National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-70085 (URN)10.1109/JLT.2023.3328774 (DOI)2-s2.0-85181568282 (Scopus ID)
Note

This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR) projects 2019-05197 and BRAIN (2022-04798), The strategic innovation program Smarter Electronic Systems - a joint venture by Vinnova, Formas and the Swedish Energy Agency A-FRONTAHUL project (2023-00659), the H2020 ICT TWILIGHT Project (No. 781471), the ERDF-funded RINGO project (No. 1.1.1.1/21/A/052), the RTU Science Support Fund, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2006217, 61775015), the China Scholarship Council (202107090113), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1801500). (Corresponding authors: X. Pang and O. Ozolins.)

Available from: 2024-01-17 Created: 2024-01-17 Last updated: 2024-06-18Bibliographically approved
Ozolins, O., Fan, Y., Udalcovs, A. & Pang, X. (2023). 106.25 Gbaud 4-Level Pulse Amplitude Modulation Links Supporting (2x)100Gigabit Ethernet on Single Lambda. In: 2023 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, OFC 2023 - Proceedings. 2023 Article number Tu3I.1: . Paper presented at 2023 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, OFC 2023 - Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>106.25 Gbaud 4-Level Pulse Amplitude Modulation Links Supporting (2x)100Gigabit Ethernet on Single Lambda
2023 (English)In: 2023 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, OFC 2023 - Proceedings. 2023 Article number Tu3I.1, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2023Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

We experimentally demonstrate and compare EML- and DML-based optical interconnects with 106.25 Gbaud NRZ-OOK and PAM4 for computing applications. The results show that both transmitters can be used to enable optical-amplification-free transmissions with low-complexity DSP. © 2023 The Author(s).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023
Keywords
Light transmission, Pulse amplitude modulation, 4-level, Computing applications, Lambda's, Lower complexity, Optical amplifications, Optical interconnect, Ethernet
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-66077 (URN)10.23919/OFC49934.2023.10117147 (DOI)2-s2.0-85161316411 (Scopus ID)9781957171180 (ISBN)
Conference
2023 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, OFC 2023 - Proceedings
Note

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2006217, 61775015), the China Scholarship Council (202107090113), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1801500), the Swedish Research Council (VR) project 2019-05197, the H2020 ICT TWILIGHT Project (No. 781471), the ERDF-funded RINGO project (No. 1.1.1.1/21/A/052), and the RTU Science Support Fund. We thank Keysight Technologies for the loan of the M8199A Arbitrary Waveform Generator and the UXR1104A Infiniium UXR-Series Oscilloscope.

Available from: 2023-08-24 Created: 2023-08-24 Last updated: 2024-03-04Bibliographically approved
Pang, X., Salgals, T., Louchet, H., Che, D., Gruen, M., Matsui, Y., . . . Ozolins, O. (2023). 200 Gb/s Optical-Amplifier-Free IM/DD Transmissions using a Directly Modulated O-band DFB+R Laser targeting LR Applications. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 41(11), 3635
Open this publication in new window or tab >>200 Gb/s Optical-Amplifier-Free IM/DD Transmissions using a Directly Modulated O-band DFB+R Laser targeting LR Applications
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2023 (English)In: Journal of Lightwave Technology, ISSN 0733-8724, E-ISSN 1558-2213, Vol. 41, no 11, p. 3635-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We experimentally demonstrate an O-band single-lane 200 Gb/s intensity modulation direct detection (IM/DD) transmission system using a low-chirp, broadband, and high-power directly modulated laser (DML). The employed laser is an isolator-free packaged module with over 65-GHz modulation bandwidth enabled by a distributed feedback plus passive waveguide reflection (DFB+R) design. We transmit high baud rate signals over 20-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) without using any optical amplifiers and demodulate them with reasonably low-complexity digital equalizers. We generate and detect up to 170 Gbaud non-return-to-zero on-off-keying (NRZ-OOK), 112 Gbaud 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4), and 100 Gbaud PAM6 in the optical back-to-back configuration. After transmission over the 20-km optical-amplifier-free SSMF link, up to 150 Gbaud NRZ-OOK, 106 Gbaud PAM4, and 80 Gbaud PAM6 signals are successfully received and demodulated, achieving bit error rate (BER) performance below the 6.25%-overhead hard-decision (HD) forward-error-correction code (FEC) limit. The demonstrated results show the possibility of meeting the strict requirements towards the development of 200Gb/s/lane IM/DD technologies, targeting 800Gb/s and 1.6Tb/s LR applications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023
Keywords
Bandwidth, Direct modulation, distributed-feedback laser, Laser modes, Measurement by laser beam, Modulation, on-off keying, Optical amplifiers, Optical modulation, Optical pulses, pulse amplitude modulation, Amplitude shift keying, Bit error rate, Digital television, Distributed feedback lasers, Error correction, Feedback amplifiers, Laser pulses, Light modulation, Optical communication, Optical signal processing, Single mode fibers, Direct-detection, Directly modulated, Intensity modulations, Non-return-to-zero, On/off-keying, Standard single mode fibers, Transmission systems
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-64741 (URN)10.1109/JLT.2023.3261421 (DOI)2-s2.0-85151524887 (Scopus ID)
Note

This work was supported in part by the H2020 ICT TWILIGHT Project (No. 781471), in part by the Swedish Research Council (VR) projects 2019-05197and BRAIN project No. 2022-04798, in part by RTU Science Support Fund, in part by the ERDF-funded RINGO project (No. 1.1.1.1/21/A/052), and in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1801503). (Corresponding authors: X. Pang and O. Ozolins) 

Available from: 2023-05-15 Created: 2023-05-15 Last updated: 2024-03-04Bibliographically approved
Joharifar, M., Han, M., Schatz, R., Puerta, R., Sun, Y.-T., Fan, Y., . . . Pang, X. (2023). 8.1 Gbps PAM8 Long-Wave IR FSO Transmission using a 9.15-µm Directly-Modulated QCL with an MCT Detector. In: Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2023: . Paper presented at Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2023.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>8.1 Gbps PAM8 Long-Wave IR FSO Transmission using a 9.15-µm Directly-Modulated QCL with an MCT Detector
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2023 (English)In: Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2023, 2023Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

We experimentally demonstrate a Long-Wave IR FSO link with a 9.15-µm directly modulated quantum cascade laser at room temperature. Up to 8.1 Gb/s PAM8 transmission over 1.4 meter is achieved with a wideband MCT detector.

National Category
Communication Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-66282 (URN)10.1364/ofc.2023.th1h.1 (DOI)
Conference
Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2023
Available from: 2023-09-07 Created: 2023-09-07 Last updated: 2024-03-04Bibliographically approved
Han, M., Wang, M., Fan, Y., Salgals, T., Louchet, H., Schatz, R., . . . Ozolins, O. (2023). Deep Reservoir Computing for 100 Gbaud PAM6 IM/DD Transmission Impairment Mitigation. In: Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf. Exhib., OFC - Proc.: . Paper presented at 2023 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, OFC 2023San Diego5 May 2023through 9 May 2023. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Deep Reservoir Computing for 100 Gbaud PAM6 IM/DD Transmission Impairment Mitigation
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2023 (English)In: Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf. Exhib., OFC - Proc., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2023Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

We experimentally evaluate a deep Reservoir Computing (RC)-based post-equalization for 100 Gbaud PAM6 IM/DD transmissions. It achieves ∼1 dB higher sensitivity than DFE, and ∼50% implementation complexity reduction compared with the conventional RC configuration.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023
Keywords
Complexity reduction, Deep reservoirs, High sensitivity, Impairment mitigation, Implementation complexity, Post-equalization, Reservoir Computing, Transmission impairment, Pulse amplitude modulation
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-65546 (URN)10.23919/OFC49934.2023.10116807 (DOI)2-s2.0-85161305520 (Scopus ID)
Conference
2023 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, OFC 2023San Diego5 May 2023through 9 May 2023
Note

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2006217, 61775015), the China Scholarship Council (202107090113), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1801500), the Swedish Research Council (VR) projects 2019-05197, the H2020 ICT TWILIGHT Project (No. 781471), the ERDF-funded RINGO project (No. 1.1.1.1/21/A/052), and the RTU Science Support Fund. We thank Keysight Technologies for the loan of the M8199A Arbitrary Waveform Generator and the UXR1104A Infiniium UXR-Series Oscilloscope.

Available from: 2023-06-30 Created: 2023-06-30 Last updated: 2024-03-04Bibliographically approved
Han, M., Joharifar, M., Wang, M., Schatz, R., Puerta, R., Sun, Y.-T., . . . Pang, X. (2023). High Spectral Efficiency Long-wave Infrared Free-Space Optical Transmission with Multilevel Signals. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 41(20), 6514
Open this publication in new window or tab >>High Spectral Efficiency Long-wave Infrared Free-Space Optical Transmission with Multilevel Signals
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2023 (English)In: Journal of Lightwave Technology, ISSN 0733-8724, E-ISSN 1558-2213, Vol. 41, no 20, p. 6514-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This study explores the potential of long-wave infrared free-space optical (FSO) transmission that leverages multilevel signals to attain high spectral efficiency. The FSO transmission system consists of a directly modulated-quantum cascade laser (DM-QCL) operating at 9.15 μm and a mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) detector. To fully understand the system, we conduct measurements on the DM-QCL chip and MCT detector and assess the overall amplitude response of the DM-QCL, MCT detector, and all electrical components. We apply various signals, including on-off keying (OOK), 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4), 6-level PAM (PAM6), and 8-level PAM (PAM8) to maximize the bit rate and spectral efficiency of the FSO transmission. Through a two-dimensional sweeping of the laser bias current and MCT detector photovoltage, we optimize the transmission performance. At the optimal operation point, the FSO system achieved impressive results which are up to 6 Gbaud OOK, 3.5 Gbaud PAM4, 3 Gbaud PAM6, and 2.7 Gbaud PAM8 signal transmissions, with a bit error rate performance below 6.25% overhead hard decision-forward error correction limit when the DM-QCL operates at 10 °C. We also evaluate the eye diagrams and stability of the system to showcase its remarkable transmission performance. Our findings suggest that the DMQCL and MCT detector-based FSO transceivers offer a highly competitive solution for the next generation of optical wireless communication systems

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2023
National Category
Communication Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-66652 (URN)10.1109/jlt.2023.3287934 (DOI)2-s2.0-85162889788 (Scopus ID)
Note

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2006217, 61775015), in part by the China Scholarship Council (202107090113), in part by the EU H2020 cFLOW Project (828893), in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1801500), in part by the Swedish Research Council (VR) project 2019-05197 and project ‘BRAIN’ 2022-04798, in part by the COST Action CA19111 NEWFOCUS, VINNOVA-funded project ‘A-FRONTHAUL’ 2022-02545, and in part by the ERDF-funded CARAT project (No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/4/20/660).

Available from: 2023-09-08 Created: 2023-09-08 Last updated: 2024-06-18Bibliographically approved
Ozolins, O., Ostrovskis, A., Salgals, T., Kruger, B., Pittala, F., Joharifar, M., . . . Pang, X. (2023). High-Baudrate SiP and InP Modulators for Data Center Interconnects. In: 31st International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks, SoftCOM 2023: . Paper presented at 31st International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks, SoftCOM 2023. Split. 21 September 2023 through 23 September 2023. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>High-Baudrate SiP and InP Modulators for Data Center Interconnects
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2023 (English)In: 31st International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks, SoftCOM 2023, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2023Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The booming internet traffic sets highly challenging requirements for high-speed computing where low latency is required. This leads to a choice of intensity modulation and direct detection system with the highest baudrate possible. Furthermore, record baudrate supporting modulators will be the key technology for future optical interconnect applications. Therefore, we demonstrated silicon photonics and indium phosphide modulators at highest possible sysmbolrate.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023
Keywords
Amplitude shift keying; Indium phosphide; Optical communication; Photonic devices; Pulse amplitude modulation; Semiconducting indium phosphide; Silicon photonics; Baud rate; Data center interconnect; Datacenter; High speed computing; Intensity modulation and direct detections; Internet traffic; Low latency; On/off-keying; Silicon photonics; Traffic set; III-V semiconductors
National Category
Computer and Information Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-67661 (URN)10.23919/SoftCOM58365.2023.10271574 (DOI)2-s2.0-85174505183 (Scopus ID)
Conference
31st International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks, SoftCOM 2023. Split. 21 September 2023 through 23 September 2023
Note

We thank Keysight for hosting the experiment and for loaning the M8199B AWG prototype and the UXR1104A Infiniium UXR-Series Oscilloscope. This work was also supported by the Swedish Research Council (VR) projects 2019-05197 and 2022-04798, the H2020 ICT TWILIGHT Project (No. 781471), the ERDF-funded RINGO project (No. 1.1.1.1/21/A/052), the RTU Science Support Fund, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U2006217, 61775015), the China Scholarship Council (202107090113), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1801500)

Available from: 2023-11-29 Created: 2023-11-29 Last updated: 2024-03-04Bibliographically approved
Joharifar, M., Dely, H., Pang, X., Schatz, R., Gacemi, D., Salgals, T., . . . Sirtori, C. (2023). High-Speed 9.6-μm Long-Wave Infrared Free- Space Transmission with a Directly-Modulated QCL and a Fully-Passive QCD. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 41(4), 1087
Open this publication in new window or tab >>High-Speed 9.6-μm Long-Wave Infrared Free- Space Transmission with a Directly-Modulated QCL and a Fully-Passive QCD
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2023 (English)In: Journal of Lightwave Technology, ISSN 0733-8724, E-ISSN 1558-2213, Vol. 41, no 4, p. 1087-Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Free-space optics (FSO) in the mid-infrared (mid- IR) contains rich spectral resources for future ultrahigh-speed wireless communications yet is currently under-exploited. Two atmospheric transmission windows at the mid-IR, namely, the mid-wave IR (MWIR, 3-5 µm) and the long-wave IR (LWIR, 8-12 µm), show great potential in supporting free-space communications for both terrestrial and space application scenarios. Particularly, the LWIR signal with a longer wavelength has high intrinsic robustness against aerosols' scattering and turbulence-induced scintillation and beam broadening effects, which are the main concerns hindering the wide deployment of practical FSO systems. In this context, high-bandwidth semiconductor-based mid-IR FSO transceivers will be desirable to meet the requirements of low energy consumption and small footprints for large-volume development and deployment. Quantum cascade devices, including quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) and quantum cascade detectors (QCDs), appear promising candidates to fulfill this role. In this work, we report a high-speed LWIR FSO transmission demonstration with a 9.6-µm directly-modulated (DM)-QCL and a fully passive QCD without any active cooling or bias voltage. Up to 8 Gb/s, 10 Gb/s, and 11 Gb/s signal transmissions are achieved when operating the DM- QCL at 10°C, 5°C, and 0°C, respectively. These results indicate a significant step towards an envisioned fully-connected mid-IR FSO solution empowered by the quantum cascade semiconductor devices.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023
Keywords
Coplanar waveguides, Detectors, Free-space optics, long-wave infrared, Optical waveguides, Photoconductivity, quantum cascade detector, quantum cascade laser, Quantum cascade lasers, Semiconductor device measurement, Temperature measurement, Energy utilization, Infrared devices, Infrared radiation, Molecular beam epitaxy, Radio transceivers, Space optics, Directly modulated, Free-space transmission, Freespace optics, High Speed, Longwave infrared, Midinfrared, Quantum cascade detectors, Semiconductor device measurements, Ultra high speed, Wireless communications
National Category
Physical Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-61460 (URN)10.1109/JLT.2022.3207010 (DOI)2-s2.0-85139421601 (Scopus ID)
Note

This work was supported in part by the EU H2020 cFLOW Project (828893), in part from the ENS-THALES Chair, in part by the Swedish Research Council (VR) projects 2019-05197 and 2016-04510, in part by the by COST Action CA19111 NEWFOCUS, in part by the ERDF-funded CARAT project (No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/4/20/660) and in part by RTU Science Support Fund

Available from: 2022-12-07 Created: 2022-12-07 Last updated: 2024-03-04Bibliographically approved
Han, M., Joharifar, M., Wang, M., Fan, Y., Maisons, G., Abautret, J., . . . Pang, X. (2023). Long-Wave Infrared Discrete Multitone Free-Space Transmission Using a 9.15-μm Quantum Cascade Laser. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 35(9), 489-492
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Long-Wave Infrared Discrete Multitone Free-Space Transmission Using a 9.15-μm Quantum Cascade Laser
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2023 (English)In: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, ISSN 1041-1135, E-ISSN 1941-0174, Vol. 35, no 9, p. 489-492Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A free-space optical (FSO) transmission system is experimentally demonstrated in the long-wave infrared (LWIR, 9.15μ m ) using a directly modulated quantum cascade laser (DM-QCL) and a commercial mercury-cadmium-telluride infrared photovoltaic detector. At room temperature, the DM-QCL is current-modulated by discrete multitone signals pre-processed with bit-/power-loading. Up to 5.1 Gbit/s data rate is achieved with bit error rate performance below the 6.25% overhead hard-decision forward error correction limit of 4.5× 10-3 , enabled by a frequency domain equalizer. The stability study of the FSO system is also performed at multiple temperature values. This study can provide a valuable reference for future terrestrial and space communications. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023
Keywords
discrete multitone, Free-space optical communication, long-wave infrared, quantum cascade laser, Bit error rate, Cadmium telluride, Energy utilization, Error correction, Frequency domain analysis, II-VI semiconductors, Infrared devices, Infrared radiation, Optical communication, Quantum cascade lasers, Signal to noise ratio, Directly modulated, Discrete multi-tone, Free Space Optical communication, Free-space optical, Free-space transmission, Infrared photovoltaic, Longwave infrared, Mercury cadmium telluride, Optical transmission systems, Photovoltaic detector, Temperature measurement
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-64316 (URN)10.1109/LPT.2023.3257843 (DOI)2-s2.0-85151573015 (Scopus ID)
Note

Correspondence Address: Pang, X.; Rise Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden; Funding details: 828893; Funding details: European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST; Funding details: National Natural Science Foundation of China, NSFC, 61775015, U2006217; Funding details: VINNOVA, 2022-02545; Funding details: Vetenskapsrådet, VR, 2019-05197, 2022-04798; Funding details: China Scholarship Council, CSC, 202107090113; Funding details: National Key Research and Development Program of China, NKRDPC, 2018YFB1801500; Funding text 1: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U2006217 and Grant 61775015, in part by the China Scholarship Council under Grant 202107090113, in part by the EU H2020 cFLOW Project under Grant 828893, in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2018YFB1801500, in part by the Swedish Research Council (VR) Project under Grant 2019-05197 and Grant 2022-04798, and in part by the COST Action CA19111 NEWFOCUS through VINNOVA -funded Project under Grant 2022-02545.

Available from: 2023-05-08 Created: 2023-05-08 Last updated: 2024-04-10Bibliographically approved
Puerta, R., Han, M., Joharifar, M., Schatz, R., Sun, Y.-T. -., Fan, Y., . . . Pang, X. (2023). NR Conformance Testing of Analog Radio-over-LWIR FSO Fronthaul link for 6G Distributed MIMO Networks. In: Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf. Exhib., OFC - Proc.: . Paper presented at 2023 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, OFC 2023 - Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>NR Conformance Testing of Analog Radio-over-LWIR FSO Fronthaul link for 6G Distributed MIMO Networks
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2023 (English)In: Opt. Fiber Commun. Conf. Exhib., OFC - Proc., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2023Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

We experimentally test the compliance with 5G/NR 3GPP technical specifications of an analog radio-over-FSO link at 9 μm. The ACLR and EVM transmitter requirements are fulfilled validating the suitability of LWIR FSO for 6G fronthaul. © 2023 The Author(s).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023
Keywords
Analog radio, Conformance testing, Distributed MIMO, MIMO networks, Technical specifications
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-66114 (URN)10.23919/OFC49934.2023.10117234 (DOI)2-s2.0-85161033979 (Scopus ID)
Conference
2023 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition, OFC 2023 - Proceedings
Note

This work is financially supported by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (project No. SM21-0047). Also, this work was supported in part by the EU H2020 cFLOW Project (828893), in part by the Swedish Research Council (VR) projects 2019-05197 and 2016-04510, in part by the by COST Action CA19111 NEWFOCUS, and in part by the ERDF-funded CARAT project (No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/4/20/660).

Available from: 2023-09-08 Created: 2023-09-08 Last updated: 2024-03-04Bibliographically approved
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ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-5783-8996

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