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Publications (7 of 7) Show all publications
Sauer, C., Loren, A., Schaefer, A. & Carlsson, P.-A. (2022). Valorisation of 2,5-dimethylfuran over zeolite catalysts studied by on-line FTIR-MS gas phase analysis. Catalysis Science & Technology, 12(3), 750-761
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Valorisation of 2,5-dimethylfuran over zeolite catalysts studied by on-line FTIR-MS gas phase analysis
2022 (English)In: Catalysis Science & Technology, ISSN 2044-4753, E-ISSN 2044-4761, Vol. 12, no 3, p. 750-761Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The valorisation of 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-dmf) by catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) was studied by on-line FTIR-MS gas phase analysis. Zeolite beta, H-ZSM-5 and Cu-ZSM-5 were characterised and used as catalysts. The on-line analysis enables sufficient time resolution to follow subminute transient phenomena, e.g., the impact of catalyst pretreatment and time on stream (TOS) on the reaction selectivity. The results show, that the initial selectivity towards benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) aromatics is high but decreases with TOS while the isomerisation rates of 2,5-dmf towards 2,4-dimethylfuran and cyclic ketones increase. This indicates the involvement of specific active sites for the different conversion processes. The formation of BTX compounds is linked to the availability of specific olefins, as supported by temperature programmed desorption experiments, which is indicative of aromatisation stemming directly from the olefin pool rather than via Diels-Alder reactions. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022
Keywords
Catalyst selectivity, Gases, Olefins, Temperature programmed desorption, Zeolites, Benzene- toluenes, Fast pyrolysis, FTIR, Gas-phase analysis, H-ZSM-5, Time on streams, Valorisation, Zeolite beta, Zeolite catalyst, ]+ catalyst, Ketones
National Category
Chemical Process Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-58775 (URN)10.1039/d1cy01312b (DOI)2-s2.0-85124580642 (Scopus ID)
Note

Funding details: Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas, 2017-00420; Funding details: Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, KAW 2005.0055; Funding text 1: This work is financially supported by the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas) [No. 2017-00420]. Financial support from Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation [Dnr KAW 2005.0055] is gratefully acknowledged.

Available from: 2022-03-03 Created: 2022-03-03 Last updated: 2023-05-09Bibliographically approved
Loren, A., Engelhart, K., Bredberg, A., Rosell, L. & Emanuelsson, E. (2021). Bestämning av biocidspridning vid sanering av bottenfärg från fritidsbåtar.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Bestämning av biocidspridning vid sanering av bottenfärg från fritidsbåtar
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2021 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Spridning av biocider från sanering av båtbottenfärg bestämdes experimentellt genom  att sanera båtar med sex olika metoder och mäta den spridda andelen bottenfärg.  Metoderna är vanligt förekommande i fritidsbåtshamnar och utförs vanligen av  båtägaren, dessutom utvärderades fackmannamässig blästring. Resultaten från de  olika  scenariona visar att det går att utföra sanering med många av de vanliga  metoderna slipning, skrapning, gelupplösning samt blästring och uppnå insamling av  mer än 98 % av färgen. Metoderna skiljer sig åt i andelen spridd färg men även i  svårighetsgrad i utförande samt hur robust de kan utföras med bibehållen låg spridning.  Faktorer som utförande, båt och färgtyp varierar stort vid implementering på det svenska båtbeståndet, vilket ger att det sannolikt är viktigare med rätt  riskminskningsmetoder än att rangordna saneringsmetoderna. Metoder som bildar torra  små partiklar vid borttagande av färgen är känsliga för att dessa färgpartiklar sprids  med vinden. Beräkningar av partiklars vindtransport visar att de partikelstorlekar som  bildas vid tex slipning och skrapning med lätthet kan spridas utanför en skyddande  marktäckning till den yttre miljön. Spridningen i ett sådant saneringsfall kan vara  mycket högt och kan i det närmaste bli fullständig om inte skyddsåtgärder vidtas.  Hantering av denna risk bör göras genom att, såsom i vissa av de utförda  experimenten, samla in partiklarna med sug, ha kontroll över vindhastigheten samt  kravställa utförandet, alternativt förbjuda metodiken.

Publisher
p. 29
Series
RISE Rapport ; 2021:09
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-52635 (URN)978-91-89167-91-9 (ISBN)
Note

Undersökningen har initierats av Transportstyrelsen och samverkansgruppen Skrovmålet  med ett tiotal deltagande myndigheter. Syftet är att få ett tekniskt underlag som kan bidra  till beslut om metodik för sanering av fritidsbåtar med biocidinnehållande bottenfärg.  Undersökningen har finansierats av Transportstyrelsen, avdelningen för sjö- och luftfart  samt delvis av Havs och Vattenmyndighetens anslag 1:11 -åtgärder för havs-och  vattenmiljön.

Available from: 2021-03-31 Created: 2021-03-29 Last updated: 2024-07-04Bibliographically approved
Sauer, C., Loren, A., Schaefer, A. & Carlsson, P.-A. (2021). On-Line Composition Analysis of Complex Hydrocarbon Streams by Time-Resolved Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Ion-Molecule Reaction Mass Spectrometry. Analytical Chemistry, 93(39), 13187-13195
Open this publication in new window or tab >>On-Line Composition Analysis of Complex Hydrocarbon Streams by Time-Resolved Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Ion-Molecule Reaction Mass Spectrometry
2021 (English)In: Analytical Chemistry, ISSN 0003-2700, E-ISSN 1520-6882, Vol. 93, no 39, p. 13187-13195Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

On-line composition analysis of complex hydrocarbon mixtures is highly desirable to determine the composition of process streams and to study chemical reactions in heterogeneous catalysis. Here, we show how the combination of time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ion-molecule-reaction mass spectrometry (IMR-MS) can be used for compositional analysis of processed plant biomass streams. The method is based on the biomass-derived model compound 2,5-dimethylfuran and its potential catalytic conversion to valuable green aromatics, for example, benzene, toluene, and xylenes (BTX) over zeolite β. Numerous conversion products can be determined and quantified simultaneously in a temporal resolution of 4 min-1without separation of individual compounds. The realization of this method enables us to study activity, selectivity, and changes in composition under transient reaction conditions. For example, increasing isomerization of 2,5-dimethylfuran to 2,4-dimethylfuran, 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, and 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one is observed as the catalyst is exposed to the reactant, while BTX and olefin formation is decreasing. © 2021 The Authors.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Chemical Society, 2021
Keywords
Biomass, Catalysis, Chemical analysis, Hydrocarbons, Mass spectrometry, Molecules, Zeolites, Benzene- toluenes, Compositional analysis, Hydrocarbon stream, Hydrocarbons mixtures, Ion molecule/reaction, On-line composition analysis, Plant biomass, Process streams, Reaction mass, Time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
National Category
Analytical Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-56921 (URN)10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01929 (DOI)2-s2.0-85116547381 (Scopus ID)
Note

Funding details: Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas, 2017-00420; Funding details: Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse, KAW 2005.0055; Funding text 1: The authors thank the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas) for financial support [no. 2017-00420]. Financial support from Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation [Dnr KAW 2005.0055] is greatfully acknowledged.

Available from: 2021-11-23 Created: 2021-11-23 Last updated: 2023-05-09Bibliographically approved
Andersson, P., Blomqvist, P., Loren, A. & Larsson, F. (2016). Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to determine toxic gases in fires with lithium-ion batteries. Fire and Materials, 40(8), 999-1015
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to determine toxic gases in fires with lithium-ion batteries
2016 (English)In: Fire and Materials, ISSN 0308-0501, E-ISSN 1099-1018, Vol. 40, no 8, p. 999-1015Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Batteries, in particular lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, are seen as an alternative to fossil fuels in the automotive sector. Li-ion batteries, however, have some safety issues including possible emissions of toxic fluorine-containing compounds during fire and other abuse situations. This paper demonstrates the possibilities to use the Fourier transform infrared technique to assess some of the most important compounds, including hydrogen fluoride and the far less often measured POF3 and PF5. The study is conducted in the cone calorimeter with different solvents used in Li-ion batteries. The measurements show that, in addition to hydrogen fluoride, with a known high toxicity, POF3 is emitted and can be quantified using Fourier transform infrared.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2016
Keywords
FTIR, Li‐ion batteries, fire emissions, electrolyte, HF, POF3, LiPF6
National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-431 (URN)10.1002/fam.2359 (DOI)2-s2.0-84960194801 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2016-06-23 Created: 2016-06-23 Last updated: 2023-06-05Bibliographically approved
Larsson, F., Andersson, P., Blomqvist, P., Loren, A. & Mellander, B. E. (2014). Characteristics of lithium-ion batteries during fire tests (ed.). Journal of Power Sources, 271(Dec), 414-420
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Characteristics of lithium-ion batteries during fire tests
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2014 (English)In: Journal of Power Sources, ISSN 0378-7753, E-ISSN 1873-2755, Vol. 271, no Dec, p. 414-420Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Commercial lithium-ion battery cells are exposed to a controlled propane fire in order to evaluate heat release rate (HRR), emission of toxic gases as well as cell temperature and voltage under this type of abuse. The study includes six abuse tests on cells having lithium-iron phosphate (LFP) cathodes and, as a comparison, one test on conventional laptop battery packs with cobalt based cathode. The influence of different state of charge (SOC) is investigated and a limited study of the effect of water mist application is also performed. The total heat release (THR) per battery energy capacity are determined to be 28-75 kJ Wh-1 and the maximum HRR values to 110-490 W Wh -1. Hydrogen fluoride (HF) is found in the released gases for all tests but no traceable amounts of phosphorous oxyfluoride (POF3) or phosphorus pentafluoride (PF5) are detected. An extrapolation of expected HF emissions for a typical automotive 10 kWh battery pack exposed to fire gives a release of 400-1200 g HF. If released in a confined environment such emissions of HF may results in unacceptable exposure levels.

National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-6635 (URN)10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.08.027 (DOI)2-s2.0-84906827666 (Scopus ID)18789 (Local ID)18789 (Archive number)18789 (OAI)
Available from: 2016-09-08 Created: 2016-09-08 Last updated: 2023-06-05Bibliographically approved
Andersson, P., Blomqvist, P., Loren, A. & Larsson, F. (2013). Investigation of fire emissions from Li-ion batteries (ed.).
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Investigation of fire emissions from Li-ion batteries
2013 (English)Report (Refereed)
Series
SP Rapport, ISSN 0284-5172 ; 2013:15
National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-5104 (URN)15011 (Local ID)978-91-87461-00-2 (ISBN)15011 (Archive number)15011 (OAI)
Available from: 2016-09-07 Created: 2016-09-07 Last updated: 2023-06-05Bibliographically approved
Loren, A. (2005). Multivariate Methodology for Surface Enhanced Raman Chemical Imaging of Lymphocytes (ed.). Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 81(1), 13-20
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Multivariate Methodology for Surface Enhanced Raman Chemical Imaging of Lymphocytes
2005 (English)In: Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, Vol. 81, no 1, p. 13-20Article in journal (Refereed) Published
National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-5938 (URN)7256 (Local ID)7256 (Archive number)7256 (OAI)
Available from: 2016-09-08 Created: 2016-09-08 Last updated: 2023-05-09Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0003-0748-192x

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