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2023 (engelsk)Inngår i: Energy & Fuels, ISSN 0887-0624, E-ISSN 1520-5029, Vol. 37, nr 2, s. 1116-1130Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]
In this study, a Eulerian-Lagrangian model is used to study biomass gasification and release of potassium species in a 140 kW atmospheric entrained flow gasifier (EFG). Experimental measurements of water concentration and temperature inside the reactor, together with the gas composition at the gasifier outlet, are used to validate the model. For the first time, a detailed K-release model is used to predict the concentrations of gas-phase K species inside the gasifier, and the results are compared with experimental measurements from an optical port in the EFG. The prediction errors for atomic potassium (K), potassium chloride (KCl), potassium hydroxide (KOH), and total potassium are 1.4%, 9.8%, 5.5%, and 5.7%, respectively, which are within the uncertainty limits of the measurements. The numerical model is used to identify and study the main phenomena that occur in different zones of the gasifier. Five zones are identified in which drying, pyrolysis, combustion, recirculation, and gasification are active. The model was then used to study the transformation and release of different K species from biomass particles. It was found that, for the forest residue fuel that was used in the present study, the organic part of K is released at the shortest residence time, followed by the release of inorganic K at higher residence times. The release of inorganic salts starts by evaporation of KCl and continues by dissociation of K2CO3 and K2SO4, which forms gas-phase KOH. The major fraction of K is released around the combustion zone (around 0.7-1.3 m downstream of the inlet) due to the high H2O concentration and temperature. These conditions lead to rapid dissociation of K2CO3 and K2SO4, which increases the total K concentration from 336 to 510 ppm in the combustion zone. The dissociation of the inorganic salts and KOH formation continues in the gasification zone at a lower rate; hence, the total K concentration slowly increases from 510 ppm at 1.3 m to 561 ppm at the outlet. © 2023 The Authors.
sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
American Chemical Society, 2023
Emneord
Chlorine compounds, Combustion, Dissociation, Forestry, Gases, Gasification, Potassium hydroxide, Salts, Biomass conversion, Combustion zones, Entrained flow gasifiers, Eulerian Lagrangian models, Experimental verification, Gas-phases, Gasifiers, Inorganic salts, Potassium release, Residence time, Biomass
HSV kategori
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:ri:diva-62973 (URN)10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c03107 (DOI)2-s2.0-85146130812 (Scopus ID)
Merknad
Funding details: 22538-4; Funding details: 36160-1, 50470-1; Funding details: College of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, Youngstown State University, STEM; Funding details: Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Funding details: Energimyndigheten; Funding details: Kempestiftelserna, JCK-1316; Funding details: Horizon 2020, 637020; Funding text 1: This work was supported by the Swedish Energy Agency (STEM) through KC-CECOST, project No. 22538-4, the Swedish Gasification center, project No. 50470-1, project No. 36160-1, and the Knut & Alice Wallenberg foundation (KAW COCALD project). The authors also acknowledge the financial support from the Swedish strategic research program Bio4Energy and the Kempe Foundations (project JCK-1316). The computations were performed on resources provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at PDC (Dardel). The fuels were received from a project which received funding from the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 637020 Mobile Flip.
2023-01-252023-01-252023-07-06bibliografisk kontrollert